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The header picture above (owed to the website of the Bibliothèque National) shows part of the Codex Traguriensis (Paris. Lat. 7989). A 15th century MS. which, save for a very few brief excerpts in L and O, the two other surviving codices is our sole authority for the cena Trimalchionis. This MS. was discovered in 1650 at Trau in Dalmatia. It is known as H. Click here to read about the scribe who probably wrote this precious manuscript. The picture shows the opening of the Satriycon.
[26]. . . . Venerat iam tertius dies, id est expectatio liberae cenae, sed tot vulneribus confossis fuga magis placebat, quam quies. Itaque cum maesti deliberaremus, quonam genere praesentem evitaremus procellam, unus servus Agamemnonis interpellavit trepidantes et “Quid? vos” inquit “nescitis, hodie apud quem fiat? Trimalchio, lautissimus homo, horologium in triclinio et bucinatorem habet subornatum, ut subinde sciat, quantum de vita perdiderit.” Amicimur ergo diligenter obliti omnium malorum, et Gitona libentissime servile officium tuentem usque hoc iubemus in balnea sequi.
[27] Nos interim vestiti errare coepimus … immo iocari magis et circulis [ludentem] accedere, cum subito | videmus senem calvum, tunica vestitum russea, inter pueros capillatos ludentem pila. Nec tam pueri nos, quamquam erat operae pretium, ad spectaculum duxerant, quam ipse pater familiae, qui soleatus pila prasina exercebatur. Nec amplius eam repetebat quae terram contigerat, sed follem plenum habebat servus sufficiebatque ludentibus. Notavimus etiam res novas. Nam duo spadones in diversa parte circuli stabant, quorum alter matellam tenebat argenteam, alter numerabat pilas, non quidem eas quae inter manus lusu expellente vibrabant, sed eas quae in terram decidebant. Cum has ergo miraremur lautitias, accurrit Menelaus et “Hic est” inquit “apud quem cubitum ponitis, et quidem iam principium cenae videtis.” Et iam non3 loquebatur Menelaus cum Trimalchio digitos concrepuit, ad quod signum matellam spado ludenti subiecit. Exonerata ille vesica aquam poposcit ad manus, digitosque paululum adspersos in capite pueri tersit.…
[28] Longum erat singula excipere. Itaque intravimus balneum, et sudore calfacti momento temporis ad frigidam eximus. Iam Trimalchio unguento perfusus tergebatur, non linteis, sed palliis ex lana mollissima factis. Tres interim iatraliptae in conspectu eius Falernum potabant, et cum plurimum rixantes effunderent, Trimalchio hoc suum propin esse dicebat. Hinc involutus coccina gausapa lecticae impositus est praecedentibus phaleratis cursoribus quattuor et chiramaxio, in quo deliciae eius vehebantur, puer vetulus, lippus, domino Trimalchione deformior. Cum ergo auferretur, ad caput eius cum minimis symphoniacus tibiis accessit et tanquam in aurem aliquid secreto diceret, toto itinere cantavit.
Sequimur nos admiratione iam saturi et cum Agamemnone ad ianuam pervenimus, in cuius poste libellus erat cum hac inscriptione fixus:
“Quisquis servus sine dominico iussu foras exierit, accipiet plagas centum.”
In aditu autem ipso stabat ostiarius prasinatus, cerasino succinctus cingulo, atque in lance argentea pisum purgabat. Super limen autem cavea pendebat aurea, in qua pica varia intrantes salutabat.
[29] Ceterum ego dum omnia stupeo, paene resupinatus crura mea fregi. Ad sinistram enim intrantibus non longe ab ostiarii cella canis ingens, catena vinctus, in pariete erat pictus superque quadrata littera scriptum “Cave canem.” Et collegae quidem mei riserunt, ego autem collecto spiritu non destiti totum parietem persequi. Erat autem venalicium <cum> titulis pictum, et ipse Trimalchio capillatus caduceum tenebat Minervaque ducente Romam intrabat. Hinc quemadmodum ratiocinari didicisset, denique dispensator factus esset, omnia diligenter curiosus pictor cum inscriptione reddiderat. In deficiente vero iam porticu levatum mento in tribunal excelsum Mercurius rapiebat. Praesto erat Fortuna2 cornu abundanti copiosa3 et tres Parcae aurea pensa torquentes. Notavi etiam in porticu gregem cursorum cum magistro se exercentem. Praeterea grande armarium in angulo vidi, in cuius aedicula erant Lares argentei positi Venerisque signum marmoreum et pyxis aurea non pusilla, in qua barbam ipsius conditam esse dicebant… .
Interrogare ergo atriensem coepi, quas in medio picturas haberent. “Iliada et Odyssian” inquit “ac Laenatis gladiatorium munus.”
[30] Non licebat multiciam considerare… .Nos | iam ad triclinium perveneramus, in cuius parte prima procurator rationes accipiebat. Et quod praecipue miratus sum, in postibus triclinii fasces erant cum securibus fixi, quorum unam partem quasi embolum navis aeneum finiebat, in quo erat scriptum:
“C. Pompeio Trimalchioni, seviro Augustali, Cinnamus dispensator.”
Sub eodem titulo et lucerna bilychnis de camera pendebat, et duae tabulae in utroque poste defixae, quarum altera, si bene memini, hoc habebat inscriptum:
“III. et pridie kalendas Ianuarias C. noster foras cenat,”
altera lunae cursum stellarumque septem imagines pictas; et qui dies boni quique incommodi essent, distinguente bulla notabantur.
His repleti voluptatibus cum conaremur [in triclinium]1intrare, exclamavit unus ex pueris, qui super hoc officium erat positus, “Dextro pede.” Sine dubio paulisper trepidavimus, ne contra praeceptum aliquis nostrum limen transiret. Ceterum ut pariter movimus dextros gressus, servus nobis despoliatus procubuit ad pedes ac rogare coepit, ut se poenae eriperemus: nec magnum esse peccatum suum, propter quod periclitaretur; subducta enim sibi vestimenta dispensatoris in balneo, quae vix fuissent decem sestertiorum. Rettulimus ergo dextros pedes dispensatoremque in atrio5 aureos numerantem deprecati sumus, ut servo remitteret poenam. Superbus ille sustulit vultum et “Non tam iactura me movet” inquit “quam negligentia nequissimi servi. Vestimenta mea cubitoria perdidit, quae mihi natali meo cliens quidam donaverat, Tyria sine dubio, sed iam semel lota. Quid ergo est? Dono vobis eum.”
[31] obligati tam grandi beneficio cum intrassemus triclinium, occurrit nobis ille idem servus, pro quo rogaveramus, et stupentibus spississima basia impegit gratias agens humanitati nostrae. “Ad summam, statim scietis” ait “cui dederitis beneficium. Vinum dominicum ministratoris gratia est” …
Tandem ergo discubuimus pueris Alexandrinis aquam in manus nivatam infundentibus aliisque insequentibus ad pedes ac paronychia cum ingenti subtilitate tollentibus. Ac ne in hoc quidem tam molesto tacebant officio, sed obiter cantabant. Ego experiri volui, an tota familia cantaret, itaque potionem poposci. Paratissimus puer non minus me acido cantico excepit, et quisquis aliquid rogatus erat ut daret … pantomimi chorum, non patris familiae triclinium crederes. Allata est tamen gustatio valde lauta; nam iam omnes discubuerant praeter ipsum Trimalchionem, cui locus novo more primus servabatur. Ceterum in promulsidari asellus erat Corinthius cum bisaccio positus, qui habebat olivas in altera parte albas, in altera nigras. Tegebant asellum duae lances, in quarum marginibus nomen Trimalchionis inscriptum erat et argenti pondus. Ponticuli etiam ferruminati sustinebat glires melle ac papavere sparsos. Fuerunt et tomacula super craticulam argenteam ferventia posita, et infra craticulam Syriaca pruna cum granis Punici mali.
[32] In his eramus lautitiis, cum ipse Trimalchio ad syraphoniam allatus est positusque inter cervicalia minutissima1expressit imprudentibus risum. Pallio enim coccineo adrasum excluserat caput circaque oneratas veste cervices laticlaviam immiserat mappam fimbriis hinc atque illinc pendentibus. Habebat etiam in minimo digito sinistrae manus anulum grandem subauratum, extremo vero articulo digiti sequentis minorem, ut mihi videbatur, totum aureum, sed plane ferreis veluti stellis ferruminatum. Et ne has tantum ostenderet divitias, dextrum nudavit lacertum armilla aurea cultum et eboreo circulo lamina splendente conexo.
[33] Ut deinde pinna argentea dentes perfodit, “Amici” inquit “nondum mihi suave erat in triclinium venire, sed ne diutius absens morae vobis essem, omnem voluptatem mihi negavi. Permittitis tamen finiri lusum.” Sequebatur puer cum tabula terebinthina et crystallinis tesseris, notavique rem omnium delicatissimam. Pro calculis enim albis ac nigris aureos argenteosque habebat denarios. Interim dum ille omnium textorum dicta inter lusum consumit, gustantibus adhuc nobis repositorium allatum est cum corbe, in quo gallina erat lignea patentibus in orbem alis, quales esse solent quae incubant ova. Accessere continuo duo servi et symphonia strepente scrutari paleam coeperunt erutaque subinde pavonina ova divisere convivis. Convertit ad hanc scaenam Trimalchio vultum et “Amici” ait “pavonis ova gallinae iussi supponi. Et mehercules timeo ne iam concepti sint; temptemus tamen, si adhuc sorbilia sunt.” Accipimus nos cochlearia non minus selibras pendentia ovaque ex farina pingui figurata pertundimus. Ego quidem paene proieci partem meam, nam videbatur mihi iam in pullum coisse. Deinde ut audivi veterem convivam: “Hic nescio quid boni debet esse,” persecutus putamen manu pinguissimam ficedulam inveni piperato vitello circumdatam.
[34] Iam Trimalchio eadem omnia lusu intermisso poposcerat feceratque potestatem clara voce, si quis nostrum iterum vellet mulsum sumere, cum subito signum symphonia datur et gustatoria pariter a choro cantante rapiuntur. Ceterum inter tumultum cum forte paropsis excidisset et puer iacentem sustulisset, animadvertit Trimalchio colaphisque obiurgari puerum ac proicere rursus paropsidem iussit. Insecutus est lecticarius1 argentumque inter reliqua purgamenta scopis coepit everrere. Subinde intraverunt duo
Aethiopes capillati cum pusillis utribus, quales solent esse qui harenam in amphitheatro spargunt, vinumque dedere in manus; aquam enim nemo porrexit.
Laudatus propter elegantias dominus “Aequum”
inquit “Mars amat. Itaque iussi suam cuique mensam assignari. Obiter et putidissimi servi minorem nobis aestum frequentia sua facient.”
Statim allatae sunt amphorae vitreae diligenter gypsatae, quarum in cervicibus pittacia erant affixa cum hoc titulo: “Falernum Opimianum annorum centum.” Dum titulos perlegimus, complosit Trimalchio manus et “Eheu” inquit “ergo diutius vivit vinum quam homuncio. Quare tengomenas faciamus.
vita vinum est. Verum Opimianum praesto. Heri non tam bonum posui, et multo honestiores cenabant.” Potantibus ergo nobis et accuratissime lautitias mirantibus larvam argenteam attulit servus sic aptatam, ut articuli eius vertebraeque luxatae in omnem partem flecterentur. Hanc cum super mensam semel iterumque abiecisset, et catenatio mobilis aliquot figuras exprimeret, Trimalchio adiecit:
Eheu nos miseros, quam totus homuncio nil est.
Sic erimus cuncti, postquam nos auferet Orcus.
Ergo vivamus, dum licet esse bene.
[35] Laudationem ferculum est insecutum plane non pro expectatione magnum; novitas tamen omnium convertit oculos. Rotundum enim repositorium duodecim habebat signa in orbe disposita, super quae proprium convenientemque materiae structor imposuerat cibum: super arietem cicer arietinum, super taurum bubulae frustum, super geminos testiculos ac rienes, super cancrum coronam, super leonem ficum Africanam, super virginem steriliculam, super libram stateram in cuius altera parte scriblita erat, in altera placenta, super
scorpionem pisciculum marinum, super sagittarium
oclopetam, super capricornum locustam marinam, super aquarium anserem, super pisces duos mullos. In medio autem caespes cum herbis excisus favum sustinebat. Circumferebat Aegyptius puer clibano argenteo panem ...
Atque ipse etiam taeterrima voice de Laserpiciario mimo canticum extorsit.
[36] Nos ut tristiores ad tam viles accessimus cibos, “Suadeo” inquit Trimalchio “cenemus; hoc est ius cenae.” Haec ut dixit, ad symphoniam quattuor tripudiantes procurrerunt superioremque partem repositorii abstulerunt. Quo facto videmus infra scilicet in altero ferculo altilia et sumina leporemque in medio pinnis subornatum, ut Pegasus videretur. Notavimus etiam circa angulos repositorii Marsyas quattuor, ex quorum utriculis garum- piperatum currebat super pisces, qui tanquam in euripo natabant. Damus omnes plausum a familia inceptum et res electissimas ridentes aggredimur. Non minus et Trimalchio eiusmodi methodio laetus “Carpe” inquit. Processit statim scissor et ad symphoniam gesticulatus ita laceravit obsonium, ut putares essedarium hydraule cantante pugnare. Ingerebat nihilo minus Trimalchio lentissima voce: “Carpe, Carpe.” Ego suspicatus ad aliquam urbanitatem totiens iteratam vocem pertinere, non erubui eum, qui supra me accumbebat, hoc ipsum interrogare. At ille, qui saepius eiusmodi ludos spectaverat, “Vides illum” inquit “qui obsonium carpit: Carpus vocatur. Itaque quotiescunque dicit 'Carpe,' eodem verbo et vocat et imperat.”
[37] Non potui amplius quicquam gustare, sed conversus ad eum, ut quam plurima exciperem, longe accersere fabulas coepi sciscitarique, quae esset mulier illa, quae huc atque illuc discurreret. “Uxor” inquit “Trimalchionis, Fortunata appellatur, quae nummos modio metitur. Et modo, modo quid fuit? Ignoscet milli genius tuus, noluisses de manu illius panem accipere. Nunc, nec quid nec quare, in caelum abiit et Trimalchionis topanta1 est. Ad summam, mero meridie si dixerit illi tenebras esse, credet. Ipse nescit quid habeat, adeo saplutus2 est; sed haec lupatria providet omnia et ubi non putes. Est sicca, sobria, bonorum consiliorum tantum auri vides, est tamen malae linguae, pica pulvinaris. Quem amat, amat; quem non amat, non amat. Ipse Trimalchio fundos habet, qua milvi volant, nummorum nummos. Argentum in ostiarii illius cella plus iacet, quam quisquam in fortunis habet. Familia vero babae babae, non mehercules puto decumam partem esse quae dominum suum noverit.”
[38] Ad summam, quemvis ex istis babaecalis in rutae folium coniciet. Nec est quod putes illum quicquam emere. Omnia domi nascuntur: lana, credrae, piper, lacte gallinaceum si quaesieris, invenies. Ad summam, parum illi bona lana nascebatur; arietes a Tarento emit, et eos culavit in gregem. Mel Atticum ut domi nasceretur, apes ab Athenis iussit afferri; obiter et vernaculae quae sunt, meliusculae a Graeculis fient. Ecce intra hos dies scripsit, ut illi ex India semen boletorum mitteretur. Nam mulam quidem nullam habet, quae non ex onagro nata sit. Vides tot culcitras: nulla non aut conchyliatum aut coccineum tomentum habet. Tanta est animi beatitudo. Reliquos autem collibertos eius cave contemnas. Valde sucossi sunt. Vides illum qui in imo imus recumbit: hodie sua octingenta possidet. De nihilo crevit. Modo solebat collo suo ligna portare. Sed quomodo dicunt—ego nihil scio, sed audivi— quom1 Incuboni pilleum rapuisset, et thesaurum invenit. Ego nemini invideo, si quid2 deus dedit. Est tamen sub alapa et non vult sibi male. Itaque proxime casam3 hoc titulo proscripsit: 'C. Pompeius Diogenes ex kalendis Iuliis cenaculum locat; ipse enim domum emit.' Quid ille qui libertini loco iacet, quam bene se habuit. Non impropero illi. Sestertium suum vidit decies, sed male vacillavit. Non puto illum capillos liberos habere, nec mehercules sua culpa; ipso enim homo melior non est; sed liberti scelerati, qui omnia ad se fecerunt. Scito autem: sociorum olla male fervet, et ubi semel res inclinata est, amici de medio. Et quam honestam negotiationem exercuit, quod ilium sic vides. Libitinarius fuit. Solebat sic cenare, quomodo rex: apros gausapatos, opera pistoria, avis, cocos, pistores. Plus vini sub mensa effundebatur, quam aliquis in cella habet. Phantasia, non homo. Inclinatis quoque rebus suis, cum timeret ne creditores ilium conturbare existimarent, hoc titulo auctionem proscripsit: “C. Iulius Proculus auctionem faciet rerum supervacuarum.””
[39] Interpellavit tam dulces fabulas Trimalchio; nam iam sublatum erat ferculum, hilaresque convivae vino sermonibusque publicatis operam coeperant dare. Is ergo reclinatus in cubitum “Hoc vinum” inquit “vos oportet suave faciatis. Pisces natare oportet. Rogo, me putatis illa cena esse contentum, quam in theca repositorii videratis? 'Sic notus Vlixes?' quid ergo est? Oportet etiam inter cenandum philologiam nosse. Patrono meo ossa bene quiescant, qui me hominem inter homines voluit esse. Nam mihi nihil novi potest afferri, sicut ille fericulus iam1 habuit praxim. Caelus hic, in quo duodecim dii habitant, in totidem se figuras convertit, et modo fit aries. Itaque quisquis nascitur illo signo, multa pecora habet, multum lanae, caput praeterea durum, frontem expudoratam, cornum acutum. Plurimi hoc signo scholastici nascuntur et arietilli.”2 Laudamus urbanitatem mathematici; itaque adiecit: “deinde totus caelus taurulus fit. Itaque tune calcitrosi nascuntur et bubulci et qui se ipsi pascunt. In geminis autem nascuntur bigae et boves et colei et qui utrosque parietes linunt. In cancro ego natus sum. Ideo multis pedibus sto, et in mari et in terra multa possideo; nam cancer et hoc et illoc quadrat. Et ideo iam dudum nihil super illum posui, ne genesim meam premerem. In leone cataphagae nascuntur et imperiosi; in virgine mulieres et fugitivi et compediti; in libra laniones et unguentarii et quicunque aliquid expediunt; in scorpione venenarii et percussores; in sagittario strabones, qui holera spectant, lardum tollunt; in capricorno aerumnosi, quibus prae mala sua cornua nascuntur; in aquario copones et cucurbitae; in piscibus obsonatores et rhetores. Sic orbis vertitur tanquam mola, et semper aliquid mali facit, ut homines aut nascantur aut pereant. Quod autem in medio caespitem videtis et supra caespitem favum, nihil sine ratione facio. terra mater est in medio quasi ovum corrotundata, et omnia bona in se habet tanquam favus.”
[40] “Sophos” universi clamamus et sublatis manibus ad cameram iuramus Hipparchum Aratumque comparandos illi homines non fuisse, donec advenerunt ministri ac toralia praeposuerunt toris, in quibus retia erant picta subsessoresque cum venabulis et totus venationis apparatus, Necdum sciebamus, quo mitteremus suspiciones nostras, cum extra triclinium clamor sublatus est ingens, et ecce canes Laconici etiam circa mensam discurrere coeperunt. Secutum est hos repositorium, in quo positus erat primae magnitudinis aper, et quidem pilleatus, e cuius dentibus sportellae dependebant duae palmulis textae, altera caryotis altera thebaicis repleta. Circa autem minores porcelli ex coptoplacentis facti, quasi uberibus imminerent, scrofam esse positam' significabant. Et hi quidem apophoreti fuerunt. Ceterum ad scindendum aprum non ille Carpus accessit, qui altilia laceraverat, sed barbatus ingens, fasciis cruralibus alligatus et alicula subornatus polymita, strictoque venatorio cultro latus apri vehementer percussit, ex cuius plaga turdi evolaverunt. Parati aucupes cum harundinibus fuerunt et eos circa triclinium volitantes momento exceperunt. Inde cum suum cuique iussisset referri Trimalchio, adiecit: “Etiam videte, quam porcus ille silvaticus lotam comederit glandem.” Statim pueri ad sportellas accesserunt, quae pendebant e dentibus, thebaicasque et caryotas ad numerum divisere cenantibus.
[41] Interim ego, qui privatum habebam secessum, in multas cogitationes deductus sum, quare aper pilleatus intrasset. Postquam itaque omnis bacalusias consumpsi, duravi interrogare illum interpretem meum, quod1 me torqueret. At ille: “Plane etiam hoc servus tuus indicare potest; non enim aenigma est, sed res aperta. Hic aper, cum heri summa cena eum2 vindicasset, a convivis dimissus est; itaque hodie tanquam libertus in convivium revertitur.” Damnavi ego stuporem meum et nihil amplius interrogavi, ne viderer nunquam inter honestos cenasse.
Dum haec loquimur, puer speciosus, vitibus hederisque redimitus, modo Bromium, interdum Lyaeum Euhiumque confessus, calathisco uvas circumtulit et poemata domini sui acutissima voce traduxit. Ad quem sonum conversus Trimalchio “Dionyse” inquit “liber esto.” Puer detraxit pilleum apro capitique suo imposuit. Tum Trimalchio rursus adiecit: “Non negabitis me” inquit “habere Liberum patrem.” Laudavimus dictum Trimalchionis et circumeuntem puerum sane perbasiamus.
Ab hoc ferculo Trimalchio ad lasanum surrexit. Nos libertatem sine tyranno nacti coepimus invitare convivarum sermones. Dama3 itaque primus cum pataracina poposcisset, “Diei” inquit “nihil est. Dum versas te, nox fit. Itaque nihil est melius, quam de cubiculo recta in triclinium ire. Et mundum frigus habuimus. Vix me balneus calfecit. Tamen calda potio vestiarius est. Staminatas duxi, et plane matus sum. Vinus mihi in cerebrum abiit.”
[42] Excepit Seleucus fabulae partem et “Ego” inquit “non cotidie lavor; baliscus enim fullo est, aqua dentes habet, et cor nostrum cotidie liquescit. Sed cum mulsi pultarium obduxi, frigori laecasin dico. Nec sane lavare potui; fui enim hodie in funus. Homo bellus, tam bonus Chrysanthus animam ebulliit. Modo, modo me appellavit. Videor mihi cum illo loqui. Heu, eheu. Utres inflati ambulamus. Minoris quam muscae sumus, muscae tamen aliquam virtutem habent, nos non pluris sumus quam bullae. Et quid si non abstinax fuisset. Quinque dies aquam in os suum non coniecit, non micam panis. Tamen abiit ad plures. Medici ilium perdiderunt, immo magis malus fatus; medicus enim nihil aliud est quam animi consolatio. Tamen bene elatus est, vitali lecto, stragulis bonis. Planctus est optime—manu misit aliquot—etiam si maligne illum ploravit uxor. Quid si non illam optime accepisset. Sed mulier quae mulier milvinum genus. Neminem nihil boni facere oportet; aeque est enim ac si in puteum conicias. Sed antiquus amor cancer est.”
[43] Molestus fuit, Philerosque proclamavit: “Vivorum meminerimus. Ille habet, quod sibi debebatur: honeste vixit, honeste obiit. Quid habet quod queratur? Ab asse erevit et paratus fuit quadrantem de stercore mordicus tollere. Itaque crevit, quicquid crevit, tanquam favus. Puto mehercules illum reliquisse lida centum, et omnia in nummis habuit. De re tamen ego verum dicam, qui linguam caninam comedi: durae buccae fruit, linguosus, discordia, non homo. Frater eius fortis fuit, amicus amico, manu plena, uncta mensa. Et inter initia malam parram pilavit, sed recorrexit costas illius prima vindemia: vendidit enim vinum, quanti ipse voluit. Et quod illius mentum sustulit, hereditatem accepit, ex qua plus involavit, quam illi relictum est. Et ille stips, dum fratri suo irascitur, nescio cui terrae filio patrimonium elegavit. Longe fugit, quisquis suos fugit. Habuit autem oricularios3 servos, qui illum pessum dederunt. Nunquam autem recte faciet, qui cito credit, utique homo negotians. Tamen verum quod frunitus est, quam diu vixit, ... . cui datum est, non cui destinatum. Plane Fortunae filius, in manu illius plumbum aurum fiebat. Facile est autem, ubi omnia quadrata currunt. Et quot putas illum annos secum tulisse? Septuaginta et supra. Sed corneolus fuit, aetatem bene ferebat, niger tanquam corvus. Noveram hominem olim oliorum et adhuc salax erat. Non mehercules illum puto in domo canem reliquisse. Immo etiam pullarius5 erat, omnis minervae homo. Nec improbo, hoc solum enim secum tulit.”
[44] Haec Phileros dixit, illa Ganymedes: “narratis quod nec ad caelum nec ad terram pertinet, cum interim nemo curat, quid annona mordet. Non mehercules hodie buccam panis invenire potui. Et quomodo siccitas perseverat. Iam annum esuritio fuit. Aediles male eveniat, qui cum pistoribus colludunt 'Serva me, servabo te.' Itaque populus minutus laborat; nam isti maiores maxillae semper Saturnalia agunt. O si haberemus illos leones, quos ego hic inveni, cum primum ex Asia veni. Illud erat vivere. Simila si siligine inferior esset,1 laruas sic istos percolopabant, ut illis Iupiter iratus esset. Sed memini Safinium: tunc habitabat ad arcum veterem, me puero, piper, non homo. Is quacunque ibat, terram adurebat. Sed rectus, sed certus, amicus amico, cum quo audacter posses intenebris micare. In curia autem quomoda singulos vel pilabat tractabat, nec schemas loquebatur sed derectum. Cum ageret porro in foro, sic illius vox crescebat tanquam tuba. Nec sudavit unquam nec expuit, puto eum3 nescio quid Asiadis habuisse. Et quam benignus resalutare, nomina omnium reddere, tanquam unus de nobis. Itaque illo tempore annona pro luto erat, Asse panem quem emisses, non potuisses cum altera devorare. Nunc oculum bublum vidi maiorem. Heu heu, quotidie peius. Haec colonia retroversus crescit tanquam coda vituli. Sed quare nos4 habemus aedilem trium cauniarum, qui sibi mavult assem quam vitam nostram? Itaque domi gaudet, plus in die nummorum accipit, quam alter patrimonium[p. 74] habet. Iam scio, unde acceperit denarios mille aureos. Sed si nos coleos haberemus, non tantum sibi placeret. Nunc populus est domi leones, foras vulpes. Quod ad me attinet, iam pannos meos comedi, et si perseverat haec annona, casulas meas vendam. Quid enim futurum est, si nec dii nec homines huius coloniae miserentur? Ita meos fruniscar, ut ego puto omnia illa a diibus5 fieri. Nemo enim caelum caelum putat,
nemo ieiunium servat, nemo Iovem pili facit, sed omnes opertis oculis bona sua computant. Antea
stolatae ibant nudis pedibus in clivum, passis capillis, mentibus puris, et Iovem aquam exorabant. Itaque statim urceatim plovebat: aut tune aut nunquam: et omnes redibant udi6 tanquam mures. Itaque dii pedes lanatos habent, quia nos religiosi non sumus. Agri iacent”--
[26]. . . . Venerat iam tertius dies, id est expectatio liberae cenae, sed tot vulneribus confossis fuga magis placebat, quam quies. Itaque cum maesti deliberaremus, quonam genere praesentem evitaremus procellam, unus servus Agamemnonis interpellavit trepidantes et “Quid? vos” inquit “nescitis, hodie apud quem fiat? Trimalchio, lautissimus homo, horologium in triclinio et bucinatorem habet subornatum, ut subinde sciat, quantum de vita perdiderit.” Amicimur ergo diligenter obliti omnium malorum, et Gitona libentissime servile officium tuentem usque hoc iubemus in balnea sequi.
[27] Nos interim vestiti errare coepimus … immo iocari magis et circulis [ludentem] accedere, cum subito | videmus senem calvum, tunica vestitum russea, inter pueros capillatos ludentem pila. Nec tam pueri nos, quamquam erat operae pretium, ad spectaculum duxerant, quam ipse pater familiae, qui soleatus pila prasina exercebatur. Nec amplius eam repetebat quae terram contigerat, sed follem plenum habebat servus sufficiebatque ludentibus. Notavimus etiam res novas. Nam duo spadones in diversa parte circuli stabant, quorum alter matellam tenebat argenteam, alter numerabat pilas, non quidem eas quae inter manus lusu expellente vibrabant, sed eas quae in terram decidebant. Cum has ergo miraremur lautitias, accurrit Menelaus et “Hic est” inquit “apud quem cubitum ponitis, et quidem iam principium cenae videtis.” Et iam non3 loquebatur Menelaus cum Trimalchio digitos concrepuit, ad quod signum matellam spado ludenti subiecit. Exonerata ille vesica aquam poposcit ad manus, digitosque paululum adspersos in capite pueri tersit.…
[28] Longum erat singula excipere. Itaque intravimus balneum, et sudore calfacti momento temporis ad frigidam eximus. Iam Trimalchio unguento perfusus tergebatur, non linteis, sed palliis ex lana mollissima factis. Tres interim iatraliptae in conspectu eius Falernum potabant, et cum plurimum rixantes effunderent, Trimalchio hoc suum propin esse dicebat. Hinc involutus coccina gausapa lecticae impositus est praecedentibus phaleratis cursoribus quattuor et chiramaxio, in quo deliciae eius vehebantur, puer vetulus, lippus, domino Trimalchione deformior. Cum ergo auferretur, ad caput eius cum minimis symphoniacus tibiis accessit et tanquam in aurem aliquid secreto diceret, toto itinere cantavit.
Sequimur nos admiratione iam saturi et cum Agamemnone ad ianuam pervenimus, in cuius poste libellus erat cum hac inscriptione fixus:
“Quisquis servus sine dominico iussu foras exierit, accipiet plagas centum.”
In aditu autem ipso stabat ostiarius prasinatus, cerasino succinctus cingulo, atque in lance argentea pisum purgabat. Super limen autem cavea pendebat aurea, in qua pica varia intrantes salutabat.
[29] Ceterum ego dum omnia stupeo, paene resupinatus crura mea fregi. Ad sinistram enim intrantibus non longe ab ostiarii cella canis ingens, catena vinctus, in pariete erat pictus superque quadrata littera scriptum “Cave canem.” Et collegae quidem mei riserunt, ego autem collecto spiritu non destiti totum parietem persequi. Erat autem venalicium <cum> titulis pictum, et ipse Trimalchio capillatus caduceum tenebat Minervaque ducente Romam intrabat. Hinc quemadmodum ratiocinari didicisset, denique dispensator factus esset, omnia diligenter curiosus pictor cum inscriptione reddiderat. In deficiente vero iam porticu levatum mento in tribunal excelsum Mercurius rapiebat. Praesto erat Fortuna2 cornu abundanti copiosa3 et tres Parcae aurea pensa torquentes. Notavi etiam in porticu gregem cursorum cum magistro se exercentem. Praeterea grande armarium in angulo vidi, in cuius aedicula erant Lares argentei positi Venerisque signum marmoreum et pyxis aurea non pusilla, in qua barbam ipsius conditam esse dicebant… .
Interrogare ergo atriensem coepi, quas in medio picturas haberent. “Iliada et Odyssian” inquit “ac Laenatis gladiatorium munus.”
[30] Non licebat multiciam considerare… .Nos | iam ad triclinium perveneramus, in cuius parte prima procurator rationes accipiebat. Et quod praecipue miratus sum, in postibus triclinii fasces erant cum securibus fixi, quorum unam partem quasi embolum navis aeneum finiebat, in quo erat scriptum:
“C. Pompeio Trimalchioni, seviro Augustali, Cinnamus dispensator.”
Sub eodem titulo et lucerna bilychnis de camera pendebat, et duae tabulae in utroque poste defixae, quarum altera, si bene memini, hoc habebat inscriptum:
“III. et pridie kalendas Ianuarias C. noster foras cenat,”
altera lunae cursum stellarumque septem imagines pictas; et qui dies boni quique incommodi essent, distinguente bulla notabantur.
His repleti voluptatibus cum conaremur [in triclinium]1intrare, exclamavit unus ex pueris, qui super hoc officium erat positus, “Dextro pede.” Sine dubio paulisper trepidavimus, ne contra praeceptum aliquis nostrum limen transiret. Ceterum ut pariter movimus dextros gressus, servus nobis despoliatus procubuit ad pedes ac rogare coepit, ut se poenae eriperemus: nec magnum esse peccatum suum, propter quod periclitaretur; subducta enim sibi vestimenta dispensatoris in balneo, quae vix fuissent decem sestertiorum. Rettulimus ergo dextros pedes dispensatoremque in atrio5 aureos numerantem deprecati sumus, ut servo remitteret poenam. Superbus ille sustulit vultum et “Non tam iactura me movet” inquit “quam negligentia nequissimi servi. Vestimenta mea cubitoria perdidit, quae mihi natali meo cliens quidam donaverat, Tyria sine dubio, sed iam semel lota. Quid ergo est? Dono vobis eum.”
[31] obligati tam grandi beneficio cum intrassemus triclinium, occurrit nobis ille idem servus, pro quo rogaveramus, et stupentibus spississima basia impegit gratias agens humanitati nostrae. “Ad summam, statim scietis” ait “cui dederitis beneficium. Vinum dominicum ministratoris gratia est” …
Tandem ergo discubuimus pueris Alexandrinis aquam in manus nivatam infundentibus aliisque insequentibus ad pedes ac paronychia cum ingenti subtilitate tollentibus. Ac ne in hoc quidem tam molesto tacebant officio, sed obiter cantabant. Ego experiri volui, an tota familia cantaret, itaque potionem poposci. Paratissimus puer non minus me acido cantico excepit, et quisquis aliquid rogatus erat ut daret … pantomimi chorum, non patris familiae triclinium crederes. Allata est tamen gustatio valde lauta; nam iam omnes discubuerant praeter ipsum Trimalchionem, cui locus novo more primus servabatur. Ceterum in promulsidari asellus erat Corinthius cum bisaccio positus, qui habebat olivas in altera parte albas, in altera nigras. Tegebant asellum duae lances, in quarum marginibus nomen Trimalchionis inscriptum erat et argenti pondus. Ponticuli etiam ferruminati sustinebat glires melle ac papavere sparsos. Fuerunt et tomacula super craticulam argenteam ferventia posita, et infra craticulam Syriaca pruna cum granis Punici mali.
[32] In his eramus lautitiis, cum ipse Trimalchio ad syraphoniam allatus est positusque inter cervicalia minutissima1expressit imprudentibus risum. Pallio enim coccineo adrasum excluserat caput circaque oneratas veste cervices laticlaviam immiserat mappam fimbriis hinc atque illinc pendentibus. Habebat etiam in minimo digito sinistrae manus anulum grandem subauratum, extremo vero articulo digiti sequentis minorem, ut mihi videbatur, totum aureum, sed plane ferreis veluti stellis ferruminatum. Et ne has tantum ostenderet divitias, dextrum nudavit lacertum armilla aurea cultum et eboreo circulo lamina splendente conexo.
[33] Ut deinde pinna argentea dentes perfodit, “Amici” inquit “nondum mihi suave erat in triclinium venire, sed ne diutius absens morae vobis essem, omnem voluptatem mihi negavi. Permittitis tamen finiri lusum.” Sequebatur puer cum tabula terebinthina et crystallinis tesseris, notavique rem omnium delicatissimam. Pro calculis enim albis ac nigris aureos argenteosque habebat denarios. Interim dum ille omnium textorum dicta inter lusum consumit, gustantibus adhuc nobis repositorium allatum est cum corbe, in quo gallina erat lignea patentibus in orbem alis, quales esse solent quae incubant ova. Accessere continuo duo servi et symphonia strepente scrutari paleam coeperunt erutaque subinde pavonina ova divisere convivis. Convertit ad hanc scaenam Trimalchio vultum et “Amici” ait “pavonis ova gallinae iussi supponi. Et mehercules timeo ne iam concepti sint; temptemus tamen, si adhuc sorbilia sunt.” Accipimus nos cochlearia non minus selibras pendentia ovaque ex farina pingui figurata pertundimus. Ego quidem paene proieci partem meam, nam videbatur mihi iam in pullum coisse. Deinde ut audivi veterem convivam: “Hic nescio quid boni debet esse,” persecutus putamen manu pinguissimam ficedulam inveni piperato vitello circumdatam.
[34] Iam Trimalchio eadem omnia lusu intermisso poposcerat feceratque potestatem clara voce, si quis nostrum iterum vellet mulsum sumere, cum subito signum symphonia datur et gustatoria pariter a choro cantante rapiuntur. Ceterum inter tumultum cum forte paropsis excidisset et puer iacentem sustulisset, animadvertit Trimalchio colaphisque obiurgari puerum ac proicere rursus paropsidem iussit. Insecutus est lecticarius1 argentumque inter reliqua purgamenta scopis coepit everrere. Subinde intraverunt duo
Aethiopes capillati cum pusillis utribus, quales solent esse qui harenam in amphitheatro spargunt, vinumque dedere in manus; aquam enim nemo porrexit.
Laudatus propter elegantias dominus “Aequum”
inquit “Mars amat. Itaque iussi suam cuique mensam assignari. Obiter et putidissimi servi minorem nobis aestum frequentia sua facient.”
Statim allatae sunt amphorae vitreae diligenter gypsatae, quarum in cervicibus pittacia erant affixa cum hoc titulo: “Falernum Opimianum annorum centum.” Dum titulos perlegimus, complosit Trimalchio manus et “Eheu” inquit “ergo diutius vivit vinum quam homuncio. Quare tengomenas faciamus.
vita vinum est. Verum Opimianum praesto. Heri non tam bonum posui, et multo honestiores cenabant.” Potantibus ergo nobis et accuratissime lautitias mirantibus larvam argenteam attulit servus sic aptatam, ut articuli eius vertebraeque luxatae in omnem partem flecterentur. Hanc cum super mensam semel iterumque abiecisset, et catenatio mobilis aliquot figuras exprimeret, Trimalchio adiecit:
Eheu nos miseros, quam totus homuncio nil est.
Sic erimus cuncti, postquam nos auferet Orcus.
Ergo vivamus, dum licet esse bene.
[35] Laudationem ferculum est insecutum plane non pro expectatione magnum; novitas tamen omnium convertit oculos. Rotundum enim repositorium duodecim habebat signa in orbe disposita, super quae proprium convenientemque materiae structor imposuerat cibum: super arietem cicer arietinum, super taurum bubulae frustum, super geminos testiculos ac rienes, super cancrum coronam, super leonem ficum Africanam, super virginem steriliculam, super libram stateram in cuius altera parte scriblita erat, in altera placenta, super
scorpionem pisciculum marinum, super sagittarium
oclopetam, super capricornum locustam marinam, super aquarium anserem, super pisces duos mullos. In medio autem caespes cum herbis excisus favum sustinebat. Circumferebat Aegyptius puer clibano argenteo panem ...
Atque ipse etiam taeterrima voice de Laserpiciario mimo canticum extorsit.
[36] Nos ut tristiores ad tam viles accessimus cibos, “Suadeo” inquit Trimalchio “cenemus; hoc est ius cenae.” Haec ut dixit, ad symphoniam quattuor tripudiantes procurrerunt superioremque partem repositorii abstulerunt. Quo facto videmus infra scilicet in altero ferculo altilia et sumina leporemque in medio pinnis subornatum, ut Pegasus videretur. Notavimus etiam circa angulos repositorii Marsyas quattuor, ex quorum utriculis garum- piperatum currebat super pisces, qui tanquam in euripo natabant. Damus omnes plausum a familia inceptum et res electissimas ridentes aggredimur. Non minus et Trimalchio eiusmodi methodio laetus “Carpe” inquit. Processit statim scissor et ad symphoniam gesticulatus ita laceravit obsonium, ut putares essedarium hydraule cantante pugnare. Ingerebat nihilo minus Trimalchio lentissima voce: “Carpe, Carpe.” Ego suspicatus ad aliquam urbanitatem totiens iteratam vocem pertinere, non erubui eum, qui supra me accumbebat, hoc ipsum interrogare. At ille, qui saepius eiusmodi ludos spectaverat, “Vides illum” inquit “qui obsonium carpit: Carpus vocatur. Itaque quotiescunque dicit 'Carpe,' eodem verbo et vocat et imperat.”
[37] Non potui amplius quicquam gustare, sed conversus ad eum, ut quam plurima exciperem, longe accersere fabulas coepi sciscitarique, quae esset mulier illa, quae huc atque illuc discurreret. “Uxor” inquit “Trimalchionis, Fortunata appellatur, quae nummos modio metitur. Et modo, modo quid fuit? Ignoscet milli genius tuus, noluisses de manu illius panem accipere. Nunc, nec quid nec quare, in caelum abiit et Trimalchionis topanta1 est. Ad summam, mero meridie si dixerit illi tenebras esse, credet. Ipse nescit quid habeat, adeo saplutus2 est; sed haec lupatria providet omnia et ubi non putes. Est sicca, sobria, bonorum consiliorum tantum auri vides, est tamen malae linguae, pica pulvinaris. Quem amat, amat; quem non amat, non amat. Ipse Trimalchio fundos habet, qua milvi volant, nummorum nummos. Argentum in ostiarii illius cella plus iacet, quam quisquam in fortunis habet. Familia vero babae babae, non mehercules puto decumam partem esse quae dominum suum noverit.”
[38] Ad summam, quemvis ex istis babaecalis in rutae folium coniciet. Nec est quod putes illum quicquam emere. Omnia domi nascuntur: lana, credrae, piper, lacte gallinaceum si quaesieris, invenies. Ad summam, parum illi bona lana nascebatur; arietes a Tarento emit, et eos culavit in gregem. Mel Atticum ut domi nasceretur, apes ab Athenis iussit afferri; obiter et vernaculae quae sunt, meliusculae a Graeculis fient. Ecce intra hos dies scripsit, ut illi ex India semen boletorum mitteretur. Nam mulam quidem nullam habet, quae non ex onagro nata sit. Vides tot culcitras: nulla non aut conchyliatum aut coccineum tomentum habet. Tanta est animi beatitudo. Reliquos autem collibertos eius cave contemnas. Valde sucossi sunt. Vides illum qui in imo imus recumbit: hodie sua octingenta possidet. De nihilo crevit. Modo solebat collo suo ligna portare. Sed quomodo dicunt—ego nihil scio, sed audivi— quom1 Incuboni pilleum rapuisset, et thesaurum invenit. Ego nemini invideo, si quid2 deus dedit. Est tamen sub alapa et non vult sibi male. Itaque proxime casam3 hoc titulo proscripsit: 'C. Pompeius Diogenes ex kalendis Iuliis cenaculum locat; ipse enim domum emit.' Quid ille qui libertini loco iacet, quam bene se habuit. Non impropero illi. Sestertium suum vidit decies, sed male vacillavit. Non puto illum capillos liberos habere, nec mehercules sua culpa; ipso enim homo melior non est; sed liberti scelerati, qui omnia ad se fecerunt. Scito autem: sociorum olla male fervet, et ubi semel res inclinata est, amici de medio. Et quam honestam negotiationem exercuit, quod ilium sic vides. Libitinarius fuit. Solebat sic cenare, quomodo rex: apros gausapatos, opera pistoria, avis, cocos, pistores. Plus vini sub mensa effundebatur, quam aliquis in cella habet. Phantasia, non homo. Inclinatis quoque rebus suis, cum timeret ne creditores ilium conturbare existimarent, hoc titulo auctionem proscripsit: “C. Iulius Proculus auctionem faciet rerum supervacuarum.””
[39] Interpellavit tam dulces fabulas Trimalchio; nam iam sublatum erat ferculum, hilaresque convivae vino sermonibusque publicatis operam coeperant dare. Is ergo reclinatus in cubitum “Hoc vinum” inquit “vos oportet suave faciatis. Pisces natare oportet. Rogo, me putatis illa cena esse contentum, quam in theca repositorii videratis? 'Sic notus Vlixes?' quid ergo est? Oportet etiam inter cenandum philologiam nosse. Patrono meo ossa bene quiescant, qui me hominem inter homines voluit esse. Nam mihi nihil novi potest afferri, sicut ille fericulus iam1 habuit praxim. Caelus hic, in quo duodecim dii habitant, in totidem se figuras convertit, et modo fit aries. Itaque quisquis nascitur illo signo, multa pecora habet, multum lanae, caput praeterea durum, frontem expudoratam, cornum acutum. Plurimi hoc signo scholastici nascuntur et arietilli.”2 Laudamus urbanitatem mathematici; itaque adiecit: “deinde totus caelus taurulus fit. Itaque tune calcitrosi nascuntur et bubulci et qui se ipsi pascunt. In geminis autem nascuntur bigae et boves et colei et qui utrosque parietes linunt. In cancro ego natus sum. Ideo multis pedibus sto, et in mari et in terra multa possideo; nam cancer et hoc et illoc quadrat. Et ideo iam dudum nihil super illum posui, ne genesim meam premerem. In leone cataphagae nascuntur et imperiosi; in virgine mulieres et fugitivi et compediti; in libra laniones et unguentarii et quicunque aliquid expediunt; in scorpione venenarii et percussores; in sagittario strabones, qui holera spectant, lardum tollunt; in capricorno aerumnosi, quibus prae mala sua cornua nascuntur; in aquario copones et cucurbitae; in piscibus obsonatores et rhetores. Sic orbis vertitur tanquam mola, et semper aliquid mali facit, ut homines aut nascantur aut pereant. Quod autem in medio caespitem videtis et supra caespitem favum, nihil sine ratione facio. terra mater est in medio quasi ovum corrotundata, et omnia bona in se habet tanquam favus.”
[40] “Sophos” universi clamamus et sublatis manibus ad cameram iuramus Hipparchum Aratumque comparandos illi homines non fuisse, donec advenerunt ministri ac toralia praeposuerunt toris, in quibus retia erant picta subsessoresque cum venabulis et totus venationis apparatus, Necdum sciebamus, quo mitteremus suspiciones nostras, cum extra triclinium clamor sublatus est ingens, et ecce canes Laconici etiam circa mensam discurrere coeperunt. Secutum est hos repositorium, in quo positus erat primae magnitudinis aper, et quidem pilleatus, e cuius dentibus sportellae dependebant duae palmulis textae, altera caryotis altera thebaicis repleta. Circa autem minores porcelli ex coptoplacentis facti, quasi uberibus imminerent, scrofam esse positam' significabant. Et hi quidem apophoreti fuerunt. Ceterum ad scindendum aprum non ille Carpus accessit, qui altilia laceraverat, sed barbatus ingens, fasciis cruralibus alligatus et alicula subornatus polymita, strictoque venatorio cultro latus apri vehementer percussit, ex cuius plaga turdi evolaverunt. Parati aucupes cum harundinibus fuerunt et eos circa triclinium volitantes momento exceperunt. Inde cum suum cuique iussisset referri Trimalchio, adiecit: “Etiam videte, quam porcus ille silvaticus lotam comederit glandem.” Statim pueri ad sportellas accesserunt, quae pendebant e dentibus, thebaicasque et caryotas ad numerum divisere cenantibus.
[41] Interim ego, qui privatum habebam secessum, in multas cogitationes deductus sum, quare aper pilleatus intrasset. Postquam itaque omnis bacalusias consumpsi, duravi interrogare illum interpretem meum, quod1 me torqueret. At ille: “Plane etiam hoc servus tuus indicare potest; non enim aenigma est, sed res aperta. Hic aper, cum heri summa cena eum2 vindicasset, a convivis dimissus est; itaque hodie tanquam libertus in convivium revertitur.” Damnavi ego stuporem meum et nihil amplius interrogavi, ne viderer nunquam inter honestos cenasse.
Dum haec loquimur, puer speciosus, vitibus hederisque redimitus, modo Bromium, interdum Lyaeum Euhiumque confessus, calathisco uvas circumtulit et poemata domini sui acutissima voce traduxit. Ad quem sonum conversus Trimalchio “Dionyse” inquit “liber esto.” Puer detraxit pilleum apro capitique suo imposuit. Tum Trimalchio rursus adiecit: “Non negabitis me” inquit “habere Liberum patrem.” Laudavimus dictum Trimalchionis et circumeuntem puerum sane perbasiamus.
Ab hoc ferculo Trimalchio ad lasanum surrexit. Nos libertatem sine tyranno nacti coepimus invitare convivarum sermones. Dama3 itaque primus cum pataracina poposcisset, “Diei” inquit “nihil est. Dum versas te, nox fit. Itaque nihil est melius, quam de cubiculo recta in triclinium ire. Et mundum frigus habuimus. Vix me balneus calfecit. Tamen calda potio vestiarius est. Staminatas duxi, et plane matus sum. Vinus mihi in cerebrum abiit.”
[42] Excepit Seleucus fabulae partem et “Ego” inquit “non cotidie lavor; baliscus enim fullo est, aqua dentes habet, et cor nostrum cotidie liquescit. Sed cum mulsi pultarium obduxi, frigori laecasin dico. Nec sane lavare potui; fui enim hodie in funus. Homo bellus, tam bonus Chrysanthus animam ebulliit. Modo, modo me appellavit. Videor mihi cum illo loqui. Heu, eheu. Utres inflati ambulamus. Minoris quam muscae sumus, muscae tamen aliquam virtutem habent, nos non pluris sumus quam bullae. Et quid si non abstinax fuisset. Quinque dies aquam in os suum non coniecit, non micam panis. Tamen abiit ad plures. Medici ilium perdiderunt, immo magis malus fatus; medicus enim nihil aliud est quam animi consolatio. Tamen bene elatus est, vitali lecto, stragulis bonis. Planctus est optime—manu misit aliquot—etiam si maligne illum ploravit uxor. Quid si non illam optime accepisset. Sed mulier quae mulier milvinum genus. Neminem nihil boni facere oportet; aeque est enim ac si in puteum conicias. Sed antiquus amor cancer est.”
[43] Molestus fuit, Philerosque proclamavit: “Vivorum meminerimus. Ille habet, quod sibi debebatur: honeste vixit, honeste obiit. Quid habet quod queratur? Ab asse erevit et paratus fuit quadrantem de stercore mordicus tollere. Itaque crevit, quicquid crevit, tanquam favus. Puto mehercules illum reliquisse lida centum, et omnia in nummis habuit. De re tamen ego verum dicam, qui linguam caninam comedi: durae buccae fruit, linguosus, discordia, non homo. Frater eius fortis fuit, amicus amico, manu plena, uncta mensa. Et inter initia malam parram pilavit, sed recorrexit costas illius prima vindemia: vendidit enim vinum, quanti ipse voluit. Et quod illius mentum sustulit, hereditatem accepit, ex qua plus involavit, quam illi relictum est. Et ille stips, dum fratri suo irascitur, nescio cui terrae filio patrimonium elegavit. Longe fugit, quisquis suos fugit. Habuit autem oricularios3 servos, qui illum pessum dederunt. Nunquam autem recte faciet, qui cito credit, utique homo negotians. Tamen verum quod frunitus est, quam diu vixit, ... . cui datum est, non cui destinatum. Plane Fortunae filius, in manu illius plumbum aurum fiebat. Facile est autem, ubi omnia quadrata currunt. Et quot putas illum annos secum tulisse? Septuaginta et supra. Sed corneolus fuit, aetatem bene ferebat, niger tanquam corvus. Noveram hominem olim oliorum et adhuc salax erat. Non mehercules illum puto in domo canem reliquisse. Immo etiam pullarius5 erat, omnis minervae homo. Nec improbo, hoc solum enim secum tulit.”
[44] Haec Phileros dixit, illa Ganymedes: “narratis quod nec ad caelum nec ad terram pertinet, cum interim nemo curat, quid annona mordet. Non mehercules hodie buccam panis invenire potui. Et quomodo siccitas perseverat. Iam annum esuritio fuit. Aediles male eveniat, qui cum pistoribus colludunt 'Serva me, servabo te.' Itaque populus minutus laborat; nam isti maiores maxillae semper Saturnalia agunt. O si haberemus illos leones, quos ego hic inveni, cum primum ex Asia veni. Illud erat vivere. Simila si siligine inferior esset,1 laruas sic istos percolopabant, ut illis Iupiter iratus esset. Sed memini Safinium: tunc habitabat ad arcum veterem, me puero, piper, non homo. Is quacunque ibat, terram adurebat. Sed rectus, sed certus, amicus amico, cum quo audacter posses intenebris micare. In curia autem quomoda singulos vel pilabat tractabat, nec schemas loquebatur sed derectum. Cum ageret porro in foro, sic illius vox crescebat tanquam tuba. Nec sudavit unquam nec expuit, puto eum3 nescio quid Asiadis habuisse. Et quam benignus resalutare, nomina omnium reddere, tanquam unus de nobis. Itaque illo tempore annona pro luto erat, Asse panem quem emisses, non potuisses cum altera devorare. Nunc oculum bublum vidi maiorem. Heu heu, quotidie peius. Haec colonia retroversus crescit tanquam coda vituli. Sed quare nos4 habemus aedilem trium cauniarum, qui sibi mavult assem quam vitam nostram? Itaque domi gaudet, plus in die nummorum accipit, quam alter patrimonium[p. 74] habet. Iam scio, unde acceperit denarios mille aureos. Sed si nos coleos haberemus, non tantum sibi placeret. Nunc populus est domi leones, foras vulpes. Quod ad me attinet, iam pannos meos comedi, et si perseverat haec annona, casulas meas vendam. Quid enim futurum est, si nec dii nec homines huius coloniae miserentur? Ita meos fruniscar, ut ego puto omnia illa a diibus5 fieri. Nemo enim caelum caelum putat,
nemo ieiunium servat, nemo Iovem pili facit, sed omnes opertis oculis bona sua computant. Antea
stolatae ibant nudis pedibus in clivum, passis capillis, mentibus puris, et Iovem aquam exorabant. Itaque statim urceatim plovebat: aut tune aut nunquam: et omnes redibant udi6 tanquam mures. Itaque dii pedes lanatos habent, quia nos religiosi non sumus. Agri iacent”--
tertius –a –um3rd
exspectātiō exspectātiōnis f.expectation
cōnfodiō –ere –fōdī –fossusto stab
quiēs quiētis f.sleep, rest
maestus –a –umsad, depressing
dēlīberō dēlīberāre dēlīberāvī dēlīberātusto consider, deliberate
quōnamwhither? to where?
ēvītō –āre –āvī –ātumto avoid, dodge
procella –ae f.gale
servus servī m.enslaved person
interpellō –āre to interrupt
trepidō trepidāre trepidāvī trepidātusto be agitated
nesciō nescīre nescīvī/nesciī nescītusto not know
Trimalchio Trimachiōnis m.Trimalchio (name)
lautus (lotus) –a –umwashed; neat
hōrologium –ī n. a clock, horologe, sun-dial, water-clock
būcinātor –ōris m.a trumpeter
quantus –a –umhow great
vīta vītae f.life
amiciō –īre –icuī (–ixī) –ictuscover, clothe; surround
oblīvīscor oblīvīscī oblītus sumto forget
malum malī n.evil, calamity
libenter willingly
servīlis –eslavish
tueor tuērī tūtus sumto look at
balneum (balineum) –ī n. or balneus –ī m. or balnae –ārum f.a bath
sequor sequī secūtus sumto follow, come next
vestiō vestīre vestiī/vestīvī vestītumto clothe
circulus –ī m.circle or orbit; ring; chain; a group of people, an audience
senex senisold, aged
russus (russeus) –a –umred
capillātus –a –umlong–haired
pīla –ae f.a ball, playing-ball
quamquamalthough
opera operae f.work
soleātus –a –umwearing sandals, slippered
prasinus –a –umleek-green, prasinous; of the Green charioteers
exerceō exercēre exercuī exercitusto train, exercise, carry on
amplus –a –umspacious, large, ample, generous
contingō contingere contigī contāctusto touch
follis –is m.pair of bellows; the bellows
spadō –ōnis m.eunuch, mutilated man
dīversus –a –um (or dīvorsus)different, diverse
matella –ae f. a pot, a vessel for liquids.
argenteus –a –um(made of) silver
numerō numerāre numerāvī numerātusto count
vibrō vibrāre vibrāvī vibrātusto shake
dēcidō –ere –cidīto fall down; fall
Menelāus –ī m.Menelaus
cubitum –ī n. or cubitus –ī m.the elbow
pōnō pōnere posuī positusto place
prīncipium prīncipi(ī) n.beginning
etiamnum or etiamnuncyet, till now, even at this time
digitus digitī m.finger
subiciō subicere subiēcī subiectusto throw under, put up for auction
vēsīca –ae f.the bladder, urinary bladder
aqua aquae f.water
poscō poscere poposcīto demand
aspergō –ere –spersī –spersusto sprinkle upon
tergeō –ēre –tersī –tersus or tergō tergereto wipe; clean
singulī –ae –aseparate
intrō within
calefaciō –ere –fēcī –factus ; calefīō calefierī calefactus sum (pass.)to make hot
mōmentum –ī n.weight, importance; moment of time, moment
frīgida –ae f.cold water
exeō exīre exīvī/exiī exitusto go forth
unguentum unguentī n.perfume
linteum –ī n.linen cloth, napkin; sailcloth; a sail
lāna –ae f.wool
iātralipta (iātraliptēs) –ae m.a physician who cures by anointing, an ointment-doctor,
cōnspectus conspectūs m.look, sight, view
pōtō pōtāre pōtāvī pōtusto drink
plūrimus –a –umvery many
propīn n.a pre-dinner drink, apéritif
dicō dicāre dicāvī dicātusto devote
coccinus –a –um or coccinis –escarlet
lectīca –ae f.sedan chair
phalerātus –a –umdecorated, wearing ornamental plates
cursor cursōris m. runner
quattuor; quārtus –a –um4; 4th
chīramaxium –ī n.a small carriage drawn by slaves, a handwagon
dēlicia dēliciae f. (often plural) or delici(ōl)um –ī m.charm, delight
vehō vehere vēxī vectusto carry
vetulus –a –umold (dim. of vetus)
lippus –a –umwith inflamed eyes; half-blind
auferō auferre abstulī ablātusto take away; make cuts
symphōniacus –a –umof concerts or music
tībia tībiae f.the larger of the shinbones; a pipe or flute
cantō cantāre cantāvī cantātusto sing, play
admīrātiō –ōnis f.admiration
satur –a –umfull
iānua iānuae f.door
postis –is m.doorjamb; door
libellus libellī m.little book, document
īnscrīptiō –ōnis f. a writing upon, inscribing; an inscription, title
fīgō fīgere fīxī fīxusto fix, fasten
dominicus –ī m.of or belonging to a lord or master
iūssus iūssūs m.order, command
forās out of doors
plāga –ae f.a blow, wound, lashing
centum; centēsimus –a –um100; 100th
adeō adīre adīvī/adiī aditusto go to
ōstiārius –ī m.a door-keeper, porter
prasinātus –a –umhaving a leek-green garment
cerasinus –a –umcherry-colored
lanx lancis f.broad dish or plate; charger
pisum –ī n.pea
pūrgō pūrgāre pūrgāvī pūrgātusto clean
cavea –ae f.hollow place; that part of the theater or circus which was occupied by the spectators
pendō pendere pependī pēnsusto weigh; have a weight of (a particular amount)
pīca –ae f. a magpie
varius –a –umvaried
salūtō salūtāre salūtāvī salūtātusto greet
stupeō –ēre –uīto be amazed or dazed; to be bewildered
re–supīnō supīnāreto bend back, turn back
crūs –ūris n.shin, leg
sinistra –ae f. (sc. manus) the left hand
canis canis m. or f.dog
vinciō vincīre vīnxī vīnctumto tie up
quadrō quadrāreto make square, put in order
caveō cavēre cāvī cautusto beware
collēga collēgae m.colleague
colligō colligere collēgī collēctusto collect
dēsistō dēsistere dēstitī dēstitusto cease, desist
vēnālicius –a –umof or belonging to selling, for sale; esp. with reference to slaves
cādūceum –ī n. a herald's staff, the token of a peaceable embassy
Minerva –ae f.Minerva
Rōma Rōmae f.Rome
quemadmodum or quem ad modumin what manner, how
ratiōcinor ratiōcinārī to reckon, compute, keep accounts
dēniquefinally
dispēnsātor –ōris m. a steward, attendant, treasurer
pictor –ōris m.a painter
vērus –a –umreal, true
levō levāre levāvī levātusto raise; make light
mentum mentī n.chin
tribūnal tribūnālis n.platform
excellō excellere excelsusto excel
Mercurius –iī m.Mercurius
praestōready
cornū cornūs f.horn
abundō abundāre abundāvī abundātusto abound with
cōpiōsus –a –umplentiful
Parca –ae f.Parca; one of the Fates
pensum –ī n.wool, allotment
armārium –ī n.a closet, chest, safe
aedicula –ae f.a small building; (in pl.) house
Lār Laris m.Lar; household god
Venus –eris f.Venus (goddess)
marmoreus –a –umof marble
pyxis –idis f.a small box
pusillus –a –umpuny
barba –ae f.beard
condō condere condidī conditusto build, store up, place
interrogō interrogāre interrogāvī interrogātusto inquire, ask of
ātriēnsis –is m.a steward, chief servant; someone of the house
medium –iī n.middle
Īlias –adis f.Iliad
Odyssēa –ae f.The Odyssey (an epic poem)
Laenas –ātis m.Laenas (name)
gladiātōrius (gladiātōricius) –a –umgladiatorial
mūnus mūneris n.gift; duty; public show (esp. with gladiators)
multāciam (acc. only)diversity (?) (the text is possibly corrupt)
prōcūrātor –ōris m.procurator, a manager, overseer
praecipuēespecially, particularly
fascis –is m.bundle; burden
secūris secūris f.axe
īmus –a –umdeepest, last
embolum –ī n.the beak of a ship
nāvis nāvis f.ship
aēneus (ahēnus) –a –umbronze
fīniō fīnīre fīnīvī fīnītusto finish, limit
C. = Gaius –iī m.abbreviation for the praenomen Gaius (Caius)
Pompeius –a –umof or belonging to a Pompey, Pompeian
sēvir sēvirī m.a member of a board or college consisting of six men
Augustālis –erelating to the emperor Augustus, of Augustus, Augustan
Cinnamus –ī m.Cinnamus (name)
subunder
bilychnis –ehaving two lights
camera –ae f.a vault, room
pendeō pendēre pependīto hang
tabula tabulae f.plank, (game) board; painting; writing tablet
dēfīgō dēfīgere dēfīxī dēfīxusto fix
inscrībō inscrībere inscrīpsī inscrīptusto write on
prīdiēday before
Kalendae –ārum f.Kalends, first day of the month
Iānuārius –a –umof or belonging to Janus or the month of January
Gāius –iī m.Gaius (name)
lūna lūnae f.moon
stēlla stēllae f.star
imāgō imāginis f.image, echo
incommodus –a –umunsuitable
bulla –ae f.bubble; locket, amulet; a boss
repleō –ēre –plēvī –plētusto fill up
voluptās voluptātis f.pleasure
suprāabove (adv. and prep. +acc.)
dexter dextra dextrumright, on the right side
praeceptum praeceptī n.precept, rule
trānseō trānsīre trānsīvī/trānsiī trānsitusto go across
gressus –ūs m.stepping; step
dēspoliō (dīspoliō) –āre –āvī –ātusto rob, plunder; strip, removing clothing from
prōcumbō –cumbere –cubuī –cubitumto fall forwards, sink down, fall prostrate
ēripiō ēripere ēripuī ēreptusto tear away, snatch away
peccātum –ī n.fault
propterbecause of
perīclitor perīclitārī perīclitātusto risk
vestīmentum –ī n.garment, clothes (pl.)
decem; decimus –a –um10; 10th
sestertiūm gen. pl; rarely sestertiōrum or sestertiūm nummūma sesterce, a small silver coin; often abbreviated HS
referō referre rettulī relātusto bring back
oecarium –ī n.little room
aureus –ī m.gold coin, an aureus
dēprecor dēprecārī dēprecātus sumto ward off (from one's self or others) by earnest prayer
remittō remittere remīsī remissumto send back
neglegentia –ae f.carelessness, neglect
nēquam; comp. nequiorworthless, good for nothing
cubitōrius –a –um of or belonging to a reclining posture; intended for the dinner table
nātālis –is m.birthday (dies natalis)
Tyrius –a –umof Tyre; Tyrian or Phoenician
lavō lavāre (lavere) lāvī lōtus (lautus)to wash
obligō obligāreto bind up
spissus –a –umclose, dense, thick
impingō –ere –pēgī –pāctusto fasten upon; drive
grātia grātiae f.favor, influence, gratitude
hūmānitās hūmānitātis f.humanity
ministrātor ōris m an attendant, helper, prompter
Alexandrīnus –a –umAlexandrian
nivātus –a –umcooled with snow
īnsequor īnsequī īnsecūtus sumto follow after, pursue
parōnychium –ī n.hangnail; a felon
experior experīrī expertus sum (experiscor)to test, try, experience
pōtiō –ōnis f.a drink, potion
parātus –a –umprepared
acidus –a –umsour
canticum –ī na solo song, incantation
pantomīmus –ī m. a ballet-dancer, pantomime
chorus –ī m.dance in circle; dance; company of singers or dancers
crēdō crēdere crēdidī crēditusto trust, believe
servō servāre servāvī servātusto save
prōmulsidāre –is n.a tray on which the salted relish was served
Corinthius (Corintheus) –a –umCorinthian
bisaccium –ī n.a double bag, saddle-bags
olīva olīvae f.olive
albus –a –umwhite
niger nigra nigrumblack, unlucky, wicked
margō –inis m.rim; border, edge; margin
ponticulus –ī m.bridge (dim. of pons)
ferrūminō ferrūmināre to glue, solder
glis glīris m. dormouse
mel mellis n.honey
tomāc(u)lum (thumatulum) –ī n. a sausage, liver-sausage
crātīcula –ae f. a small gridiron
ferveō fervēre ferbuī or fervō fervere fervīto boil; (fig.)
īnfrābelow
Syrācūsius (Syrācosius or Syrācūsiānus) –a –umSyracusan, of Syracuse
prūnum –ī n.a plum
grānum –ī n.a grain, seed, small kernel
Pūnicus –a –umPunic; Carthaginian
mālum mālī n.apple
symphōnia –ae f.harmony, music
cervīcal (cervīcāle) –ālis n.pillow
minūtus –a –umsmall
exprimō exprimere expressī expressumto press, express
coccineus –a –um scarlet-colored
adrādō –rādere –rāsī –rāsumto scrape, cut short, shave
exclūdō exclūdere exclūsī exclūsusto shut out, exclude; leave uncovered
onerō onerāre onerāvī onerātusto load, burden
lāti–clāvius –a –umhaving a broad purple stripe, broad-striped
immittō immittere immīsī immīssusto send in
mappa –ae f.a napkin, table-napkin, towel
fimbriae –ārum f.fibers, shreds, fringe
sinister –a –umleft
ānulus –ī m.ring
subaurātus –a –umslightly gilt
ferreus –a –ummade of iron
ostendō ostendere ostendīto show
dīvitia dīvitiae f.riches, wealth
nūdō nūdāre nūdāvī nūdātusto bare, strip
lacertus –ī m.the arm, esp. the upper arm
armilla –ae f.bracelet
colō colere coluī cultusto inhabit, cultivate
eboreus –a –ummade of ivory, ivory
lamina (lamna) –ae f.layer; thin slice; cash
splendeō –ēre –uīto shine
cōnectō –nectere –nexuī –nexumconnect
pinna –ae f.feather, wing
dēns dentis m.tooth
perfodiō –ere –fōdī –fossusto dig or pierce through
amīcus amīcī m.male friend
suāvis suāveagreeable, sweet, charming
absentīvus –a –umabsent
mōra mōrae f.delay
permittō permittere permīsī permissusto permit
terebinthinus –a –umof the terebinth or turpentine-tree
crystallinus –a –ummade of crystal
tessera –ae f.square tablet or piece
dēlicātus –a –umself-indulgent; pampered; difficult to please; dainty
calculus –ī m.small stone; pebble
dēnārius –iī m.a Roman silver coin
textor ōris ma weaver
gustō gustāre gustāvī gustātusto taste
repositōrium –ī n.a stand, tray, or waiter on which the dishes were brought to the table
corbis –is f.a basket
gallīna –ae f.a hen
ligneus –a –umwooden
pateō patēre patuīto be open
āla ālae f.wing, armpit
quālis quālewhat sort
incubō incubāre incubuī incubitusto lie
ōvum –ī n.egg
strepō –ere –uī –itusto make a noise; murmur
scrūtor scrūtārī scrūtātus sumexamine thoroughly, search
palea –ae f.a chaff; husk (of grain)\
ēruō ēruere ēruī ērutusto cast out or up; unearth, dig up
pāvōnīnus –a –umof or belonging to a peacock
convīva –ae m.guest at meal
convertō –ere –vertīto turn round, cause to turn, turn back
amīcus –a –umfriendly (+dat.)
pāvō –ōnis m. or pāvus –ī m.a peacock
suppō –erenō –ere –posuī –positusto put; put something in the place of another, substitute
Herculēs –is m.Hercules
concipiō concipere concēpī conceptumto produce, conceive
sorbilis –ethat may be sucked or supped up
coc(h)lear or –eāre –āris n.spoon
sēlībra –ae f.a half-pound
farīna –ae f. ground corn, meal, flour.
pinguis pinguefat; dull
figūrō figūrāreto form, fashion, shape
pertundō pertundere pertudī pertūsusto bore through
prōiciō –icere iēcī –iectumto cast forth, throw out, fling to the ground
pullus –ī m.a young animal, chicken; chick; a term of endearment
coeō coīre coīvō/coiī coitusto come together
bonum –ī n.good thing; good; blessing
putāmen inis n clippings, waste
fīcēdula –ae f. a small bird, a figpecker, beccafico
piperātus –a –umpeppered, seasoned with pepper
vitellus –ī m.a little calf, an egg yoke
circumdō circumdare circumdedī circumdatusto surround
intermittō intermittere intermīsī intermīssusto leave off, neglect
potestās potestātis f.power
clārus –a –umclear, distinguished
iterumagain
mulsum –ī n. honey-wine, mead, wine mixed with honey
gustātōrium –ī n.the vessels containing an appetizer
tumultus tumultūs m.confusion
paropsis idis f a small dish for delicacies, dessert-dish
animadvertō animadvertere animadvertī animadversusto turn to, give mind to
colaphus –ī m.a blow with the fist, cuff, box on the ear
obiurgō –āre –āvī –ātumto rebuke, scold
lectīcārius –ī m. a litter-bearer, sedan bearer
pūrgāmentum (pūrgāmen) –ī n.sweepings, offscourings, filth, dirt
scōpa –ae f.twigs; broom
ēverrō ēverrere ēverrī ēversumto sweep out
Aethiops –opisof or belonging to Ethiopia, Ethiopian
ūter ūtris m. (wine) skin
amphitheātrum –ī n.amphitheater
nēmō nēminis m. or f.no one
porrigō porrigere porrēxī porrēctumto stretch forth
ēlegantia –ae f.taste, grace
aequum –ī n.that which is even; right
Mārs Mārtis m.Mars
assignō (adsignō) –āreto mark out, assign
pūtidus –a –umrotten
amphora –ae f.amphora
vitreus –a –umglassy, made of glass
gypsō gypsāre gypsāvī gypsātusto whiten with gypsum
pittacium –ī n.a slip, a patch, a small piece
adfīgō –ere –fīxī –fīxusto fasten to
Opīmiānus –a –umOpimian, the name of a celebrated Roman gens
perlegō –legere –lēgī –lectumto read through
ēheualas!
vīvō vīvere vīxī vīctusto live
homunciō –ōnis m.a little man, manikin
tangomena"drink up" (?)
praestō praestāre praestitī praestitusto be outstanding
herīyesterday or here
honestus –a –umhonorable, decent
accūrō –cūrāreto give close attention to, be careful
lārva –ae f.a ghost, specter, skeleton
aptō aptāre aptāvī aptātusto adapt to, prepare; fit together, join
vertebra –ae f. a joint
luxō –āreto dislocate; force out of position, displace
catēnātiō –ōnis f. connection, jointing
mōbilis –emovable, loose
aliquotsome, several (indeclinable)
figūra figūrae f.form, shape
cūnctus –a –umall
Orcus –ī m.Orcus
laudātiō –ōnis f.praise
novitās –ātis f.newness
rotundus –a –umround, circular, spherical
duodecim; duodecimus –a –um12; 12th
dispōnō dispōnere dispōsuī dispōsitusto place, arrange, distribute
proprius –a –umone's own
māteria māteriae f.material
strūctor ōris ma builder, mason, carpenter
ariēs –etis m.ram
arietīnus –a –umof or from a ram; shaped like a ram’s head
būbula –ae f.meat from cattle, beef
frūstum –ī n.piece
geminus –a –umtwin
testiculus –ī m.a testicle
rēnēs (riēnēs) rēnum m.the kidneys
cancer cancrī m. crab; a malignant disease, tumor
corōna corōnae f.garland; crown
leō leōnis m.lion
fīcus fīcī of fīcūs f.a fig or fig–tree
Africānus –ī m.Africanus
stēricula –ae f. the uterus of a sow that has not yet farrowed
lībra –ae f.a unit of weight, a pound; a balance, pair of scales
statēra –ae f. a balance, scales
scrib(i)līta –ae f. a kind of tart
placenta –ae f. a cake
scorpiō –ōnis or scorpius (scorpios) –ī m.scorpion; dart throwing engine, torture instrument
marīnus –a –umof the sea
sagittārius –ī m.an archer, bowman
oclopeta –ae f.bullseye (?)
Capricornus –ī m.Capricorn (having a goat's horns), the sign of the zodiac which the sun enters at the winter solstice
lōcusta –ae f.a lobster
aquārius –(i)ī m.a water-carrier
ānser ānseris m.goose
piscis piscis m.fish
mullus –ī m.a kind of fish highly esteemed, the red mullet, barbel
caespes (cespes) –itis f.turf
herba herbae f.grass, herb
excīdō –ere –cīdī –cīsusto cut out
favus –ī m.a honey comb
circumferō –ferre –tulī –lātusto bear round; pass around
clībanus –ī m.a bread pan
pānis pānis m.bread
taeter –tra –trumdisagreeable, vile
lāserpīciārius –a –umof or belonging to silphium (a plant)
mīmus –ī m.an actor in mimes; a mime (comic play), farce
vīlis vīlis vīlecheap
suādeō suādēre suāsī suāsusto recommend
tripudiō tripudiāreto beat the ground with the feet, leap, jump, dance exultingly
prōcurrō –ere –cucurrī (–currī) –cursusto run forth or forward
superus –a –umabove
altilis –efattened, fat
sūmen inis n a breast, udder; a sow
lepus leporis m.a hare, rabbit
Pēgasus (Pēgasōs) –ī m.Pegasus
Marsyas (Marsya) –ae m.Marsyas, a satyr, flayed by Apollo
utriculus –ī m.a small skin or leathern bottle; belly, womb
garum –ī n. garum, a rich sauce made of small fish
currō currere cucurrī cursusto run
eurīpus (euripos) –ī m.a channel, strait, narrow sea
natō natāre natāvī natātusto swim
incipiō incipere incēpī inceptusto begin
ēlectus –a um superl. electissimusselect, choice
adgredior (aggredior) aggredī aggressus sumto approach
ēiusmodīsuch
methodium –iī n.a witty conceit, a jest, joke
laetus –a –umhappy
Carpus –ī m.Carpus (name)
scissor –ōris ma carver; gladiator
gesticulor gesticulārī to make mimic or pantomimic gestures, to gesticulate
lacerō lacerāre lacerāvī lacerātusto tear
obsōnium –ī n.a relish or sauce eaten with bread
essedārius –ī m.a fighter in a war–chariot
hydraulus –ī m.a water-organ
ingerō –ere –gessī –gestusto carry; heap on; obtrude; say over and over
nihilōminus or nihilō minusnevertheless
carpō carpere carpsī carptumto pluck, seize; criticize
suspicor suspicārī suspicātus sumto suspect
totiēnsso often
iterō iterāre –āvī –ātumto do a second time, repeat
pertineō pertinēre pertinuī pertentusto reach
ērubescō ērubescere ērubuīto grow red, blush
accumbō –cumbere –cubuī –cubitumto lie down
saepeoften
lūdus lūdī m.game
spectō spectāre spectāvī spectātusto look at
quotiēnscumque or quotiēnsqueas many times as
ampliusfurther, more, in addition
arcessō (accersō) arcessere arcessīvī arcessītusto fetch, summon
scīscitor scīscitārī to examine, interrogate
illic illaec illucpron., that person or thing
discurrō –ere –cucurrī –or currī –cursusto run apart; to ride in different directions
uxor uxōris f.wife
Fortūnāta –ae f.Fortunata (name)
appellō appellāre appellāvī appellātusto call
modius –ī m.a corn-measure, measure, peck
mētior mētīrī mēnsus sumto measure
īgnōscō īgnōscere īgnōvī īgnōtusto pardon, forgive
caelus –ī m.sky (old form of caelum)
topanta indecl. n.a close supporter, everything to someone
merus –a –umpure undiluted
merīdiēs merīdiēī m.midday
tenebrae tenebrārum f. pl.darkness
saplūtus –a –um very rich
lupātria –ae f.nympho, bitch, vixen
prōvideō prōvidēre prōvīdī prōvīsusto foresee
siccus –a –umdry
sōbrius –a –umsober, moderate
aurum aurī n.gold
lingua linguae f.tongue; language
pulvīnāris –eof or belonging to a cushion or pillow
fundus fundī m.foundation
milua (milva) –ae f.a she-kite (a bird of prey)
volō volāre volāvī volātusto fly
ōstiārium –ī n.a tax upon doors, door-tax
babae or papaean exclamation of wonder and joy
mehercule or meherculēsby Hercules!
quīvīs quaevīs quodvīs or (subst.) quidvīswho or what you please
babaecalus –ī m.libertine
rūta –ae f.rue, a bitter herb; bitterness
folium foli(ī) n.leaf
pūteō pūtēreto stink
ēmereō ēmerēre ēmeruī ēmeritum or ē–mereor ēmerērī ēmeritus sumto obtain by service, earn, merit, deserve
citrea –ae f.citrus tree, citron tree
piper –eris n.pepper
lac lactis n.milk
gallīnāceus –a –umof hens
parum; minus; minimētoo little
Tarentum –ī n.Tarentum
cūlō cūlāre to release on (?)
Atticus –a –umAttic
apis apis f.bee
meliusculus –a –um somewhat better, rather better
Graeculus –a –umGreek, Greekling
India –ae f.an ill–defined region of Asia, extending from the present subcontinent of India to the borders of China; popularly confused with Ethiopia, Arabia, etc.
sēmen sēminis n.seed
bōlētus –ī m.a mushroom
mūla –ae f.a she mule
onager –grī m.a donkey
culcit(r)a –ae f.mattress pad
conchȳliātus –a –umof a purple color, dyed purple
tōmentum –ī n.a stuffing, filling (for cushions)
beātitūdō –inis f.happiness, blissfulness
collībertus –ī m. or f.a fellow freedman
valē/valēteto greetings! farewell!
sūcōsus –a –um juicy; rich
īnferus –a –umlow, vile; subst. inhabitant of the underworld
recumbō –ere –cubuīto lie down again; sink down
octingentī –ae –a; octingentēsimus –a –um800, 800th
nihilum/nīlum nihilī/nīlī n.nothing
crēscō crēscere crēvī crētusto grow, increase
collum collī n.neck
līgnum lignī n.firewood
portō portāre portāvī portātusto carry a load
quōmodō or separately quō modōhow
incubō –ōnis m.a spirit who watches over buried treasure
pilleus –ī m. or pilleum –ī n.a felt cap or hat
invideō invidēre invīdī invīsusto envy (+ dat.)
dēdō dēdere dēdidī dēditusto give up, surrender
subalapa –ae m.a rather boastful person
cēnāculum –ī n. upper room
prōscrībō –scrībere –scrīpsī –scrīptumto publish, proscribe
Diogenēs –is m.Diogenes (name)
Iūlius –a –umof the gens Julia, Julian; of the month of July
locō locāre locāvī locātusto place, put
quidwhat; why
lībertīnus –a –umof or belonging to the condition of a freedman
improperō improperāre to taunt, upbraid
deciēs or deciēns 10 times; a million
vacillō vacillāreto sway to and fro, stagger, reel, totter
culpa culpae f.fault, blame
lībertus lībertī m.freedman
scelerātus –a –umcriminal
socius –a –umallied
olla (aula) –ae f.pot, jar
inclīnō inclīnāre inclīnāvī inclīnātusto influence, bend, tilt
negōtiātiō –ōnis f. a wholesale business, banking business
libitīnārius –ī m.an undertaker
rēx rēgis m.king
aper aprī m.wild boar
gausapātus –a –umcovered with a gausapa (a woolen cloak)
opus operis n.work; need
pistōrius –a –umof or belonging to a baker, baker's
avis avis f.bird
coquus (cocus) –ī m.cook
pistor ōris ma miller, bread-maker, baker
phantasia –ae f.an idea; a phantom, apparition
crēditor –ōris m.a creditor
conturbō conturbāre conturbāvī conturbātusto disturb, confuse
auctiō –ōnis f.public sale, auction; an increase
Proculus –ī m.Proculus
super–vacuus –a –umuseless, needless, unnecessary, superfluous, redundant
dulcis dulcesweet
pūblicō pūblicāre pūblicāvī pūblicātusto make public
reclīnō reclīnāre reclīnāvī reclīnātusto recline; rest
oportet oportēre oportuitto it is proper/right
contentus –a –umcontent, satisfied
thēca –ae f. an envelope, hull, cover, case, sheath
nōtus –a –umwell–known
Ulixēs (Ulyssēs) –is (–eī or –ī) m.Ulysses
philologia –ae f.love of learning or letters, literary pursuits, the study of polite literature
patrōnus patrōnī m.protector, lawyer
os ossis n.bone
quiēscō quiēscere quiēvī quiētusto sleep, keep quiet
prāxis –is (acc. –im) f.proof
totidemjust as many
multus –a –ummuch, many
pecus pecoris n.farm animals, herd
dūrus –a –umhard, harsh
expudorō –āreto be shameless
arietillus –ī m.pusher
mathēmaticus –ī m.a mathematician, astrologer
taurulus –ī m.a little bull
calcitrōsus –a –um kicking, apt to kick
bubulcus –ī m.an ox driver, herdsman
pascor –īto feed, nourish
bīgae –ārum f. plteam of two horses; car or chariot drawn by two horses; car
bōs bovis m.ox
cōleus –ī m. (usually pl.)testicle, scrotum
linō linere lēvī litusto smear
pedis –is m./f.a louse
mare maris n.sea
multa –ae f.penalty
hōcto this place
illō or illōcto that place
genesis –is f. generation, birth, creation; a natal-star, horoscope
cataphagās –ae m.a glutton, gormandizer
imperiōsus –a –umpossessed of command, far-ruling, mighty, powerful, puissant
mulierōsus –a –umaddicted to women
fugitīvus –a –umfleeing away, fugitive
compediō compedīreto fetter, shackle
lanius laniī m.butcher
unguentārius –ī m.a dealer in unguents, perfumer
quīcumque quaecumque quodcumquewhoever
expendō –ere –pendī –pēnsusto weigh out; (fig.)
venēnārius –a –umof or belonging to poison
strabō –ōnis m.a person with a squint
lārdum –ī n.bacon, lard
aerumnōsus –a –umfull of trouble, miserable, wretched, distressed
praebefore (+ abl.), in the face of, in view of
caupō (cōpō or cūpō) caupōnis m.innkeeper
cucurbita –ae f. a gourd, blockhead
obsonator (obsōnātor) –ōris m.a caterer, purveyor
rhētor rhētoristeacher of rhetoric
vertō vertere vertī versusto turn
mola –ae f.mill; (meton.)
semperalways
cor–rotundō rotundāreto make round, to round off
sophōswell done! well said! bravo!
Hipparchus –ī m.Hipparchus (name)
Arātus –ī m.Aratus
comparō comparāre comparāvī comparātusto provide, compare
adveniō advenīre advēnī adventusto arrive
minister ministrī m.attendant, servant
toral ālis na valance, couch-covering, sofa-cloth
praepōnō praepōnere praeposuī praepositusto place before, put in charge of
rēte rētis n.net, trap
subsessor ōris m a waylayer, lier-in-wait
vēnābulum –ī n.hunting–spear
vēnātiō –ōnis f.hunting
necdumnor yet
quōwhere; to what purpose, in order that
suspiciō suspicere suspexī suspectusto take up; recognize; accept
extrāoutside, beyond
Laconicus –a –umof Laconia, Laconian
magnitūdō magnitūdinis f.greatness
pilleātus –a –umwearing a felt cap (pilleus)
sportella –ae f.a little basket, luncheon-basket
dē–pendō pendere pendī pēnsumto pay, to spend, expend, lay out, bestow
palmula –ae f.small palm; an oar–blade
texō –ere –texuī –textusto weave; to build cunningly; form
caryōta –ae or caryōtis –idis f.a kind of nut-shaped date
Thēbaica –ae f.dried date from Egyptian Thebes
porcellus –ī m.a little pig
copto–placenta –ae f.a kind of cake made of pounded materials
ūber ūberis n.udder
immineō imminēreto threaten; overhang
scrōfa –ae f.a breeding-sow
significō significāre significāvī significātusto indicate
apophorētus –a –umpertaining to presents which guests received at table, especially at the Saturnalia
alitilis –is f. (plural also altilia –ium n.)a fattened fowl, a dish of foul
barbātus –a –umhaving a beard, bearded
fascia –ae f.a band, fillet
crūrālis –eof or belonging to the legs, crural
ālicula –ae f.a light upper garment
polymitus –a –umwrought with many treads
vēnātōrius –a –umof a hunter, for the chase
culter –trī m.plowshare; knife
vehementervehemently
percutiō percutere percussī percussumto strike, kill
turdus –ī m.a thrush (bird)
ēvolō ēvolāre ēvolāvī ēvolātusto fly away
auceps cupis m.a bird-catcher, fowler
harundō –inis f.reed, stick
volitō volitāre volitāvī volitātusto fly around
indefrom there, from then
porcus porcī m.pig
silvāticus –a –umof or belonging to a wood or to trees
comedō comedere (comesse) comēdī comēsumto eat up, consume
glāns glandis f.an acorn; a leaden ball or bullet
numerus numerī m.number, amount
sēcessus –ūs m.going apart; retreat
cōgitātiō cōgitātiōnis f.thinking
bacalusia –ae f.a kind of sweetmeat
dūrō dūrāre dūrāvī dūrātusto harden, endure
interpres –etis m./f.an agent between parties; a mediator
indicō indicāre indicāvī indicātusto point out, accuse
aenigma –atis n. a riddle, obscurity
summus –a –umhighest
revertō revertere revertīto turn back
damnō damnāre damnāvī damnātusto condemn
stupor –oris m.numbness, lethargy, paralysis, torpor; by metonymy, an insensate person, clod
speciōsus –a –umhandsome, beautiful
vītis –is f.vine, grapevine
hedera –ae f.ivy
redimiō –imīre –imiī –imītumto encircle (with a garland)
Bromius –ī m.Bromius, a surname of Bacchus
Lyaeus –ī m.Lyaeus
Euhius (Euius) –ī m.Euhius, a surname of Bacchus
calathiscus –ī m.a small basket
ūva –ae f.grape
poēma –atis n.poem
Dionysus –ī m.Dionysus
edō ēsse ēdī ēsusto eat
Līber Līberī m.Bacchus; Dionysus
circumeo (circueō ) –īre –iī/–īvī circuitusto go around
perbāsiō perbāsiāreto kiss heartily
lasanum –ī n.a cooking-pot, a cooking-utensil
nancīscor nancīscī nanctus (nactus) sumto obtain; meet
invītō invītāre invītāvī invītātusto invite
Dama –ae f.Dama (name)
pataracīna –ae f.a large vessel
versō versāre versāvī versātusto keep turning
melior meliusbetter
rēctādirectly
mundus –a –umclean, neat, elegant
calidus (caldus) –a –umwarm, hot
vestiārius –a –umof or belonging to clothes; subst. dealer in clothes
staminata –ae f.a strong drink
mattus (matus) –a –umdrunk, intoxicated
cerebrum –ī n.the brain
Seleucus –ī m.Seleucus (name)
baliscus –ī m.bath
fullō –ōnis m. fuller, wool comber
cor cordis n.heart
liquēscō –ere –licuīto become fluid or liquid; melt
pultārius –ī m.a vessel for various uses
laecasīnbe damned! to hell with…!
fūnus fūneris n.funeral; death; dead body
Chrysanthus –ī m.Chrysanthus (name)
anima animae f.breath, spirit
ēbulliō ēbullīreto boil over
heualas! oh!
īnflō īnflāre īnflāvī īnflātusto blow into; fill
musca –ae f.a fly
virtūs virtūtis f.manliness, courage
abstināx –ācis abstinent
quīnque; quīntus –a –um5; 5th
ōs ōris n.mouth, face
mīca –ae f.crumb
medicus medicī m.doctor, physician
fātum –ī n. or fātus –ī m.destiny, fate
cōnsōlātiō –ōnis f.a consolation, comfort
efferō efferre extulī ēlātusto carry out or away
vītālis –evital, pertaining to life
strāgulum –ī n.a spread, covering, bed-spread
plangō –ere –plānxī –planctusto beat
manūmittō (manū mittō) manūmittere manūmīsī manūmissumto free a slave
malignus –a –ummalignant, wicked, malicious, grudging
plōrōto lament, mourn
mīluīnus (mīlvīnus) –a –umresembling a kite, rapacious
puteus –ī m.a well
antīquus –a –umancient, old
amor amōris m.love
Phileros –ī m.Phileros (name)
vīvus –a –umalive
obeō obīre obiī/obīvī obitumto go to, visit, survey
assis –is m.an as (a copper coin), a unity
quadrans quadrantis m.a coin of little value (1/4 of an as); a unit of measure (1/4 of a pound)
stercus –ōris n.manure
mordicusby biting, with bites, with the teeth
tangō tangere tetigī tāctusto touch
solidus –a –umdense, firm, solid
canīnus –a –umof a dog, canine
bucca –ae f.the cheek
linguōsus –a –umtalkative, loquacious
discordia discordiae f.disagreement, dissention
fortis fortebrave; strong
ūnctus –a –umanointed, oiled
initium initi(ī) n.beginning
parra –ae f. a bird of ill omen, screech-owl
pilō pilāreto make bald; dress down, savage
re–corrigō corrigere corrēxī — to mend or correct again
costa –ae f.rib
vīndēmia –ae f.the grape harvest, grapes
hērēditās hērēditātis f.inheritance
involō –āre –āvī –ātumto fly at, swoop down upon (to steal)
stīpes (stips) –itis m.log or post
patrimōnium patrimōni(ī) n.inheritance
ēlēgō ēlēgāreto bequeath away
auriculārius (ōriculārius) –a –umof or related to the ears, eaves-dropping
pessumdown, to the ground, to the bottom
rectē (rectius rectissimē)rightly
negōtior negōtiārī negōtiātus sumto be in business
fruniscor (frūnīscor) frūnīscī frūnītus sumto enjoy
quamdiū or quam diūas long as
plumbum plumbī n.lead
quadrātum –ī n. a square
quothow many , as many as (indeclinable)
ferō ferre tulī lātusto bear, carry, report
septuāgintā; septuāgēsimus –a –um70; 70th
corneolus –a –umhorny, of horn
corvus –ī m.raven
oliorum"for years" or "long ago" (apparent genitive of olim)
salax –ācisoversexed; lascivious
pullārius –a –umrelating to chickens; (masc. as subs.) keeper of sacred chickens; pederast
tulō tulere tetulī to bring, bear, lift up
Ganymēdēs –is m.Ganymede
narrō –āre –āvī –ātumto tell, report, recount
annōna –ae f.crop (grain), price
mordeō mordēre momordī morsusto bite
siccitās –ātis f.dryness, drought
per–sevērō –āreto persist, persevere
ēsurītiō ēsurītiōnis f.hungering, hunger
aedīlis –is m.a commissioner of buildings, aedile, magistrate for public works.
ēveniō ēvenīre ēvēnī ēventusto come out
collūdō –lūdere –lūsī –lūsumto play (with); collude with
maxilla –ae f. the jawbone, jaw
Sāturnālia –ium n. pl.the festival of Saturn, beginning Dec. 17, a period of merriment and license
similis similesimilar
Sicilia –ae f.Sicily
interior –iusnearer, deeper
percolopō percolopāreto box the ears of one, to beat
Iuppiter Iovis m.Jupiter
Safinius –iī m.Safinius (name)
arcus arcūs m.bow, arch
quācumqueby whatever way, wherever
adūrō –ūrere –ussī –ustumto set on fire, burn off
rēctus –a –umstraight, direct
audāciter or audācterboldly, confidently, rashly
micō micāre micuīto move quickly to and fro, vibrate
cūria cūriae f.place of assembly, Roman senate; court
tractō tractāre tractāvī tractātusto haul
schēma –atis n. or –ae f. a shape, figure, form, fashion, manner, posture, attitude
dīrectus –a –um (dērectus)straight
porrōforward, of space, time, or of mental operations, far off
tuba –ae f.trumpet
exspuō –uere –uī –ūtumto spit out
benīgnus –a –umkind
resalūtō –āreto greet in return
lūtum lutī n.mud
dēvorō dēvorāre dēvorāvī dēvorātusto swallow, devour
būbulus –a –umof or pertaining to cattle or oxen
colōnia colōniae f.farm, estate
retroversus or retrōversus or retrōversumturned back or backwards
cauda –ae f.the tail, coda
caunea (caunia) –ae f.a fig
mālō mālle māluīto prefer
gaudeō gaudēre gāvīsus sumto be glad
undefrom where, whence
vulpēs –is f.fox
attineō attinēre attinuī attentusto hold near, keep; be connected with; (impersonal) it concerns
pannus –ī m.a piece of cloth
casula –ae f. a cottage, hut
misereor –ērī miseritus sumto pity
caelum caelī n.sky, heaven
ieiūnium –iī n.a fast, hunger
pilus –ī m.a hair; something of no value or significance
com–putō –āreto sum up, reckon, compute
anteābefore, formerly
stolātus –a –umdressed in or wearing a stola; befitting a matron
clīvus –ī m.a slope
passus –a –umspread out
exōrō exōrāre exōrāvī exōrātusto pray effectually; entreat, prevail upon
urceātim(to rain) buckets
plovō plovereto rain
ūdus –a –umwet, damp
mūs mūris m.mouse
lānātus –a –um bearing wool, woolly
ager agrī m.field
exspectātiō exspectātiōnis f.expectation
cōnfodiō –ere –fōdī –fossusto stab
quiēs quiētis f.sleep, rest
maestus –a –umsad, depressing
dēlīberō dēlīberāre dēlīberāvī dēlīberātusto consider, deliberate
quōnamwhither? to where?
ēvītō –āre –āvī –ātumto avoid, dodge
procella –ae f.gale
servus servī m.enslaved person
interpellō –āre to interrupt
trepidō trepidāre trepidāvī trepidātusto be agitated
nesciō nescīre nescīvī/nesciī nescītusto not know
Trimalchio Trimachiōnis m.Trimalchio (name)
lautus (lotus) –a –umwashed; neat
hōrologium –ī n. a clock, horologe, sun-dial, water-clock
būcinātor –ōris m.a trumpeter
quantus –a –umhow great
vīta vītae f.life
amiciō –īre –icuī (–ixī) –ictuscover, clothe; surround
oblīvīscor oblīvīscī oblītus sumto forget
malum malī n.evil, calamity
libenter willingly
servīlis –eslavish
tueor tuērī tūtus sumto look at
balneum (balineum) –ī n. or balneus –ī m. or balnae –ārum f.a bath
sequor sequī secūtus sumto follow, come next
vestiō vestīre vestiī/vestīvī vestītumto clothe
circulus –ī m.circle or orbit; ring; chain; a group of people, an audience
senex senisold, aged
russus (russeus) –a –umred
capillātus –a –umlong–haired
pīla –ae f.a ball, playing-ball
quamquamalthough
opera operae f.work
soleātus –a –umwearing sandals, slippered
prasinus –a –umleek-green, prasinous; of the Green charioteers
exerceō exercēre exercuī exercitusto train, exercise, carry on
amplus –a –umspacious, large, ample, generous
contingō contingere contigī contāctusto touch
follis –is m.pair of bellows; the bellows
spadō –ōnis m.eunuch, mutilated man
dīversus –a –um (or dīvorsus)different, diverse
matella –ae f. a pot, a vessel for liquids.
argenteus –a –um(made of) silver
numerō numerāre numerāvī numerātusto count
vibrō vibrāre vibrāvī vibrātusto shake
dēcidō –ere –cidīto fall down; fall
Menelāus –ī m.Menelaus
cubitum –ī n. or cubitus –ī m.the elbow
pōnō pōnere posuī positusto place
prīncipium prīncipi(ī) n.beginning
etiamnum or etiamnuncyet, till now, even at this time
digitus digitī m.finger
subiciō subicere subiēcī subiectusto throw under, put up for auction
vēsīca –ae f.the bladder, urinary bladder
aqua aquae f.water
poscō poscere poposcīto demand
aspergō –ere –spersī –spersusto sprinkle upon
tergeō –ēre –tersī –tersus or tergō tergereto wipe; clean
singulī –ae –aseparate
intrō within
calefaciō –ere –fēcī –factus ; calefīō calefierī calefactus sum (pass.)to make hot
mōmentum –ī n.weight, importance; moment of time, moment
frīgida –ae f.cold water
exeō exīre exīvī/exiī exitusto go forth
unguentum unguentī n.perfume
linteum –ī n.linen cloth, napkin; sailcloth; a sail
lāna –ae f.wool
iātralipta (iātraliptēs) –ae m.a physician who cures by anointing, an ointment-doctor,
cōnspectus conspectūs m.look, sight, view
pōtō pōtāre pōtāvī pōtusto drink
plūrimus –a –umvery many
propīn n.a pre-dinner drink, apéritif
dicō dicāre dicāvī dicātusto devote
coccinus –a –um or coccinis –escarlet
lectīca –ae f.sedan chair
phalerātus –a –umdecorated, wearing ornamental plates
cursor cursōris m. runner
quattuor; quārtus –a –um4; 4th
chīramaxium –ī n.a small carriage drawn by slaves, a handwagon
dēlicia dēliciae f. (often plural) or delici(ōl)um –ī m.charm, delight
vehō vehere vēxī vectusto carry
vetulus –a –umold (dim. of vetus)
lippus –a –umwith inflamed eyes; half-blind
auferō auferre abstulī ablātusto take away; make cuts
symphōniacus –a –umof concerts or music
tībia tībiae f.the larger of the shinbones; a pipe or flute
cantō cantāre cantāvī cantātusto sing, play
admīrātiō –ōnis f.admiration
satur –a –umfull
iānua iānuae f.door
postis –is m.doorjamb; door
libellus libellī m.little book, document
īnscrīptiō –ōnis f. a writing upon, inscribing; an inscription, title
fīgō fīgere fīxī fīxusto fix, fasten
dominicus –ī m.of or belonging to a lord or master
iūssus iūssūs m.order, command
forās out of doors
plāga –ae f.a blow, wound, lashing
centum; centēsimus –a –um100; 100th
adeō adīre adīvī/adiī aditusto go to
ōstiārius –ī m.a door-keeper, porter
prasinātus –a –umhaving a leek-green garment
cerasinus –a –umcherry-colored
lanx lancis f.broad dish or plate; charger
pisum –ī n.pea
pūrgō pūrgāre pūrgāvī pūrgātusto clean
cavea –ae f.hollow place; that part of the theater or circus which was occupied by the spectators
pendō pendere pependī pēnsusto weigh; have a weight of (a particular amount)
pīca –ae f. a magpie
varius –a –umvaried
salūtō salūtāre salūtāvī salūtātusto greet
stupeō –ēre –uīto be amazed or dazed; to be bewildered
re–supīnō supīnāreto bend back, turn back
crūs –ūris n.shin, leg
sinistra –ae f. (sc. manus) the left hand
canis canis m. or f.dog
vinciō vincīre vīnxī vīnctumto tie up
quadrō quadrāreto make square, put in order
caveō cavēre cāvī cautusto beware
collēga collēgae m.colleague
colligō colligere collēgī collēctusto collect
dēsistō dēsistere dēstitī dēstitusto cease, desist
vēnālicius –a –umof or belonging to selling, for sale; esp. with reference to slaves
cādūceum –ī n. a herald's staff, the token of a peaceable embassy
Minerva –ae f.Minerva
Rōma Rōmae f.Rome
quemadmodum or quem ad modumin what manner, how
ratiōcinor ratiōcinārī to reckon, compute, keep accounts
dēniquefinally
dispēnsātor –ōris m. a steward, attendant, treasurer
pictor –ōris m.a painter
vērus –a –umreal, true
levō levāre levāvī levātusto raise; make light
mentum mentī n.chin
tribūnal tribūnālis n.platform
excellō excellere excelsusto excel
Mercurius –iī m.Mercurius
praestōready
cornū cornūs f.horn
abundō abundāre abundāvī abundātusto abound with
cōpiōsus –a –umplentiful
Parca –ae f.Parca; one of the Fates
pensum –ī n.wool, allotment
armārium –ī n.a closet, chest, safe
aedicula –ae f.a small building; (in pl.) house
Lār Laris m.Lar; household god
Venus –eris f.Venus (goddess)
marmoreus –a –umof marble
pyxis –idis f.a small box
pusillus –a –umpuny
barba –ae f.beard
condō condere condidī conditusto build, store up, place
interrogō interrogāre interrogāvī interrogātusto inquire, ask of
ātriēnsis –is m.a steward, chief servant; someone of the house
medium –iī n.middle
Īlias –adis f.Iliad
Odyssēa –ae f.The Odyssey (an epic poem)
Laenas –ātis m.Laenas (name)
gladiātōrius (gladiātōricius) –a –umgladiatorial
mūnus mūneris n.gift; duty; public show (esp. with gladiators)
multāciam (acc. only)diversity (?) (the text is possibly corrupt)
prōcūrātor –ōris m.procurator, a manager, overseer
praecipuēespecially, particularly
fascis –is m.bundle; burden
secūris secūris f.axe
īmus –a –umdeepest, last
embolum –ī n.the beak of a ship
nāvis nāvis f.ship
aēneus (ahēnus) –a –umbronze
fīniō fīnīre fīnīvī fīnītusto finish, limit
C. = Gaius –iī m.abbreviation for the praenomen Gaius (Caius)
Pompeius –a –umof or belonging to a Pompey, Pompeian
sēvir sēvirī m.a member of a board or college consisting of six men
Augustālis –erelating to the emperor Augustus, of Augustus, Augustan
Cinnamus –ī m.Cinnamus (name)
subunder
bilychnis –ehaving two lights
camera –ae f.a vault, room
pendeō pendēre pependīto hang
tabula tabulae f.plank, (game) board; painting; writing tablet
dēfīgō dēfīgere dēfīxī dēfīxusto fix
inscrībō inscrībere inscrīpsī inscrīptusto write on
prīdiēday before
Kalendae –ārum f.Kalends, first day of the month
Iānuārius –a –umof or belonging to Janus or the month of January
Gāius –iī m.Gaius (name)
lūna lūnae f.moon
stēlla stēllae f.star
imāgō imāginis f.image, echo
incommodus –a –umunsuitable
bulla –ae f.bubble; locket, amulet; a boss
repleō –ēre –plēvī –plētusto fill up
voluptās voluptātis f.pleasure
suprāabove (adv. and prep. +acc.)
dexter dextra dextrumright, on the right side
praeceptum praeceptī n.precept, rule
trānseō trānsīre trānsīvī/trānsiī trānsitusto go across
gressus –ūs m.stepping; step
dēspoliō (dīspoliō) –āre –āvī –ātusto rob, plunder; strip, removing clothing from
prōcumbō –cumbere –cubuī –cubitumto fall forwards, sink down, fall prostrate
ēripiō ēripere ēripuī ēreptusto tear away, snatch away
peccātum –ī n.fault
propterbecause of
perīclitor perīclitārī perīclitātusto risk
vestīmentum –ī n.garment, clothes (pl.)
decem; decimus –a –um10; 10th
sestertiūm gen. pl; rarely sestertiōrum or sestertiūm nummūma sesterce, a small silver coin; often abbreviated HS
referō referre rettulī relātusto bring back
oecarium –ī n.little room
aureus –ī m.gold coin, an aureus
dēprecor dēprecārī dēprecātus sumto ward off (from one's self or others) by earnest prayer
remittō remittere remīsī remissumto send back
neglegentia –ae f.carelessness, neglect
nēquam; comp. nequiorworthless, good for nothing
cubitōrius –a –um of or belonging to a reclining posture; intended for the dinner table
nātālis –is m.birthday (dies natalis)
Tyrius –a –umof Tyre; Tyrian or Phoenician
lavō lavāre (lavere) lāvī lōtus (lautus)to wash
obligō obligāreto bind up
spissus –a –umclose, dense, thick
impingō –ere –pēgī –pāctusto fasten upon; drive
grātia grātiae f.favor, influence, gratitude
hūmānitās hūmānitātis f.humanity
ministrātor ōris m an attendant, helper, prompter
Alexandrīnus –a –umAlexandrian
nivātus –a –umcooled with snow
īnsequor īnsequī īnsecūtus sumto follow after, pursue
parōnychium –ī n.hangnail; a felon
experior experīrī expertus sum (experiscor)to test, try, experience
pōtiō –ōnis f.a drink, potion
parātus –a –umprepared
acidus –a –umsour
canticum –ī na solo song, incantation
pantomīmus –ī m. a ballet-dancer, pantomime
chorus –ī m.dance in circle; dance; company of singers or dancers
crēdō crēdere crēdidī crēditusto trust, believe
servō servāre servāvī servātusto save
prōmulsidāre –is n.a tray on which the salted relish was served
Corinthius (Corintheus) –a –umCorinthian
bisaccium –ī n.a double bag, saddle-bags
olīva olīvae f.olive
albus –a –umwhite
niger nigra nigrumblack, unlucky, wicked
margō –inis m.rim; border, edge; margin
ponticulus –ī m.bridge (dim. of pons)
ferrūminō ferrūmināre to glue, solder
glis glīris m. dormouse
mel mellis n.honey
tomāc(u)lum (thumatulum) –ī n. a sausage, liver-sausage
crātīcula –ae f. a small gridiron
ferveō fervēre ferbuī or fervō fervere fervīto boil; (fig.)
īnfrābelow
Syrācūsius (Syrācosius or Syrācūsiānus) –a –umSyracusan, of Syracuse
prūnum –ī n.a plum
grānum –ī n.a grain, seed, small kernel
Pūnicus –a –umPunic; Carthaginian
mālum mālī n.apple
symphōnia –ae f.harmony, music
cervīcal (cervīcāle) –ālis n.pillow
minūtus –a –umsmall
exprimō exprimere expressī expressumto press, express
coccineus –a –um scarlet-colored
adrādō –rādere –rāsī –rāsumto scrape, cut short, shave
exclūdō exclūdere exclūsī exclūsusto shut out, exclude; leave uncovered
onerō onerāre onerāvī onerātusto load, burden
lāti–clāvius –a –umhaving a broad purple stripe, broad-striped
immittō immittere immīsī immīssusto send in
mappa –ae f.a napkin, table-napkin, towel
fimbriae –ārum f.fibers, shreds, fringe
sinister –a –umleft
ānulus –ī m.ring
subaurātus –a –umslightly gilt
ferreus –a –ummade of iron
ostendō ostendere ostendīto show
dīvitia dīvitiae f.riches, wealth
nūdō nūdāre nūdāvī nūdātusto bare, strip
lacertus –ī m.the arm, esp. the upper arm
armilla –ae f.bracelet
colō colere coluī cultusto inhabit, cultivate
eboreus –a –ummade of ivory, ivory
lamina (lamna) –ae f.layer; thin slice; cash
splendeō –ēre –uīto shine
cōnectō –nectere –nexuī –nexumconnect
pinna –ae f.feather, wing
dēns dentis m.tooth
perfodiō –ere –fōdī –fossusto dig or pierce through
amīcus amīcī m.male friend
suāvis suāveagreeable, sweet, charming
absentīvus –a –umabsent
mōra mōrae f.delay
permittō permittere permīsī permissusto permit
terebinthinus –a –umof the terebinth or turpentine-tree
crystallinus –a –ummade of crystal
tessera –ae f.square tablet or piece
dēlicātus –a –umself-indulgent; pampered; difficult to please; dainty
calculus –ī m.small stone; pebble
dēnārius –iī m.a Roman silver coin
textor ōris ma weaver
gustō gustāre gustāvī gustātusto taste
repositōrium –ī n.a stand, tray, or waiter on which the dishes were brought to the table
corbis –is f.a basket
gallīna –ae f.a hen
ligneus –a –umwooden
pateō patēre patuīto be open
āla ālae f.wing, armpit
quālis quālewhat sort
incubō incubāre incubuī incubitusto lie
ōvum –ī n.egg
strepō –ere –uī –itusto make a noise; murmur
scrūtor scrūtārī scrūtātus sumexamine thoroughly, search
palea –ae f.a chaff; husk (of grain)\
ēruō ēruere ēruī ērutusto cast out or up; unearth, dig up
pāvōnīnus –a –umof or belonging to a peacock
convīva –ae m.guest at meal
convertō –ere –vertīto turn round, cause to turn, turn back
amīcus –a –umfriendly (+dat.)
pāvō –ōnis m. or pāvus –ī m.a peacock
suppō –erenō –ere –posuī –positusto put; put something in the place of another, substitute
Herculēs –is m.Hercules
concipiō concipere concēpī conceptumto produce, conceive
sorbilis –ethat may be sucked or supped up
coc(h)lear or –eāre –āris n.spoon
sēlībra –ae f.a half-pound
farīna –ae f. ground corn, meal, flour.
pinguis pinguefat; dull
figūrō figūrāreto form, fashion, shape
pertundō pertundere pertudī pertūsusto bore through
prōiciō –icere iēcī –iectumto cast forth, throw out, fling to the ground
pullus –ī m.a young animal, chicken; chick; a term of endearment
coeō coīre coīvō/coiī coitusto come together
bonum –ī n.good thing; good; blessing
putāmen inis n clippings, waste
fīcēdula –ae f. a small bird, a figpecker, beccafico
piperātus –a –umpeppered, seasoned with pepper
vitellus –ī m.a little calf, an egg yoke
circumdō circumdare circumdedī circumdatusto surround
intermittō intermittere intermīsī intermīssusto leave off, neglect
potestās potestātis f.power
clārus –a –umclear, distinguished
iterumagain
mulsum –ī n. honey-wine, mead, wine mixed with honey
gustātōrium –ī n.the vessels containing an appetizer
tumultus tumultūs m.confusion
paropsis idis f a small dish for delicacies, dessert-dish
animadvertō animadvertere animadvertī animadversusto turn to, give mind to
colaphus –ī m.a blow with the fist, cuff, box on the ear
obiurgō –āre –āvī –ātumto rebuke, scold
lectīcārius –ī m. a litter-bearer, sedan bearer
pūrgāmentum (pūrgāmen) –ī n.sweepings, offscourings, filth, dirt
scōpa –ae f.twigs; broom
ēverrō ēverrere ēverrī ēversumto sweep out
Aethiops –opisof or belonging to Ethiopia, Ethiopian
ūter ūtris m. (wine) skin
amphitheātrum –ī n.amphitheater
nēmō nēminis m. or f.no one
porrigō porrigere porrēxī porrēctumto stretch forth
ēlegantia –ae f.taste, grace
aequum –ī n.that which is even; right
Mārs Mārtis m.Mars
assignō (adsignō) –āreto mark out, assign
pūtidus –a –umrotten
amphora –ae f.amphora
vitreus –a –umglassy, made of glass
gypsō gypsāre gypsāvī gypsātusto whiten with gypsum
pittacium –ī n.a slip, a patch, a small piece
adfīgō –ere –fīxī –fīxusto fasten to
Opīmiānus –a –umOpimian, the name of a celebrated Roman gens
perlegō –legere –lēgī –lectumto read through
ēheualas!
vīvō vīvere vīxī vīctusto live
homunciō –ōnis m.a little man, manikin
tangomena"drink up" (?)
praestō praestāre praestitī praestitusto be outstanding
herīyesterday or here
honestus –a –umhonorable, decent
accūrō –cūrāreto give close attention to, be careful
lārva –ae f.a ghost, specter, skeleton
aptō aptāre aptāvī aptātusto adapt to, prepare; fit together, join
vertebra –ae f. a joint
luxō –āreto dislocate; force out of position, displace
catēnātiō –ōnis f. connection, jointing
mōbilis –emovable, loose
aliquotsome, several (indeclinable)
figūra figūrae f.form, shape
cūnctus –a –umall
Orcus –ī m.Orcus
laudātiō –ōnis f.praise
novitās –ātis f.newness
rotundus –a –umround, circular, spherical
duodecim; duodecimus –a –um12; 12th
dispōnō dispōnere dispōsuī dispōsitusto place, arrange, distribute
proprius –a –umone's own
māteria māteriae f.material
strūctor ōris ma builder, mason, carpenter
ariēs –etis m.ram
arietīnus –a –umof or from a ram; shaped like a ram’s head
būbula –ae f.meat from cattle, beef
frūstum –ī n.piece
geminus –a –umtwin
testiculus –ī m.a testicle
rēnēs (riēnēs) rēnum m.the kidneys
cancer cancrī m. crab; a malignant disease, tumor
corōna corōnae f.garland; crown
leō leōnis m.lion
fīcus fīcī of fīcūs f.a fig or fig–tree
Africānus –ī m.Africanus
stēricula –ae f. the uterus of a sow that has not yet farrowed
lībra –ae f.a unit of weight, a pound; a balance, pair of scales
statēra –ae f. a balance, scales
scrib(i)līta –ae f. a kind of tart
placenta –ae f. a cake
scorpiō –ōnis or scorpius (scorpios) –ī m.scorpion; dart throwing engine, torture instrument
marīnus –a –umof the sea
sagittārius –ī m.an archer, bowman
oclopeta –ae f.bullseye (?)
Capricornus –ī m.Capricorn (having a goat's horns), the sign of the zodiac which the sun enters at the winter solstice
lōcusta –ae f.a lobster
aquārius –(i)ī m.a water-carrier
ānser ānseris m.goose
piscis piscis m.fish
mullus –ī m.a kind of fish highly esteemed, the red mullet, barbel
caespes (cespes) –itis f.turf
herba herbae f.grass, herb
excīdō –ere –cīdī –cīsusto cut out
favus –ī m.a honey comb
circumferō –ferre –tulī –lātusto bear round; pass around
clībanus –ī m.a bread pan
pānis pānis m.bread
taeter –tra –trumdisagreeable, vile
lāserpīciārius –a –umof or belonging to silphium (a plant)
mīmus –ī m.an actor in mimes; a mime (comic play), farce
vīlis vīlis vīlecheap
suādeō suādēre suāsī suāsusto recommend
tripudiō tripudiāreto beat the ground with the feet, leap, jump, dance exultingly
prōcurrō –ere –cucurrī (–currī) –cursusto run forth or forward
superus –a –umabove
altilis –efattened, fat
sūmen inis n a breast, udder; a sow
lepus leporis m.a hare, rabbit
Pēgasus (Pēgasōs) –ī m.Pegasus
Marsyas (Marsya) –ae m.Marsyas, a satyr, flayed by Apollo
utriculus –ī m.a small skin or leathern bottle; belly, womb
garum –ī n. garum, a rich sauce made of small fish
currō currere cucurrī cursusto run
eurīpus (euripos) –ī m.a channel, strait, narrow sea
natō natāre natāvī natātusto swim
incipiō incipere incēpī inceptusto begin
ēlectus –a um superl. electissimusselect, choice
adgredior (aggredior) aggredī aggressus sumto approach
ēiusmodīsuch
methodium –iī n.a witty conceit, a jest, joke
laetus –a –umhappy
Carpus –ī m.Carpus (name)
scissor –ōris ma carver; gladiator
gesticulor gesticulārī to make mimic or pantomimic gestures, to gesticulate
lacerō lacerāre lacerāvī lacerātusto tear
obsōnium –ī n.a relish or sauce eaten with bread
essedārius –ī m.a fighter in a war–chariot
hydraulus –ī m.a water-organ
ingerō –ere –gessī –gestusto carry; heap on; obtrude; say over and over
nihilōminus or nihilō minusnevertheless
carpō carpere carpsī carptumto pluck, seize; criticize
suspicor suspicārī suspicātus sumto suspect
totiēnsso often
iterō iterāre –āvī –ātumto do a second time, repeat
pertineō pertinēre pertinuī pertentusto reach
ērubescō ērubescere ērubuīto grow red, blush
accumbō –cumbere –cubuī –cubitumto lie down
saepeoften
lūdus lūdī m.game
spectō spectāre spectāvī spectātusto look at
quotiēnscumque or quotiēnsqueas many times as
ampliusfurther, more, in addition
arcessō (accersō) arcessere arcessīvī arcessītusto fetch, summon
scīscitor scīscitārī to examine, interrogate
illic illaec illucpron., that person or thing
discurrō –ere –cucurrī –or currī –cursusto run apart; to ride in different directions
uxor uxōris f.wife
Fortūnāta –ae f.Fortunata (name)
appellō appellāre appellāvī appellātusto call
modius –ī m.a corn-measure, measure, peck
mētior mētīrī mēnsus sumto measure
īgnōscō īgnōscere īgnōvī īgnōtusto pardon, forgive
caelus –ī m.sky (old form of caelum)
topanta indecl. n.a close supporter, everything to someone
merus –a –umpure undiluted
merīdiēs merīdiēī m.midday
tenebrae tenebrārum f. pl.darkness
saplūtus –a –um very rich
lupātria –ae f.nympho, bitch, vixen
prōvideō prōvidēre prōvīdī prōvīsusto foresee
siccus –a –umdry
sōbrius –a –umsober, moderate
aurum aurī n.gold
lingua linguae f.tongue; language
pulvīnāris –eof or belonging to a cushion or pillow
fundus fundī m.foundation
milua (milva) –ae f.a she-kite (a bird of prey)
volō volāre volāvī volātusto fly
ōstiārium –ī n.a tax upon doors, door-tax
babae or papaean exclamation of wonder and joy
mehercule or meherculēsby Hercules!
quīvīs quaevīs quodvīs or (subst.) quidvīswho or what you please
babaecalus –ī m.libertine
rūta –ae f.rue, a bitter herb; bitterness
folium foli(ī) n.leaf
pūteō pūtēreto stink
ēmereō ēmerēre ēmeruī ēmeritum or ē–mereor ēmerērī ēmeritus sumto obtain by service, earn, merit, deserve
citrea –ae f.citrus tree, citron tree
piper –eris n.pepper
lac lactis n.milk
gallīnāceus –a –umof hens
parum; minus; minimētoo little
Tarentum –ī n.Tarentum
cūlō cūlāre to release on (?)
Atticus –a –umAttic
apis apis f.bee
meliusculus –a –um somewhat better, rather better
Graeculus –a –umGreek, Greekling
India –ae f.an ill–defined region of Asia, extending from the present subcontinent of India to the borders of China; popularly confused with Ethiopia, Arabia, etc.
sēmen sēminis n.seed
bōlētus –ī m.a mushroom
mūla –ae f.a she mule
onager –grī m.a donkey
culcit(r)a –ae f.mattress pad
conchȳliātus –a –umof a purple color, dyed purple
tōmentum –ī n.a stuffing, filling (for cushions)
beātitūdō –inis f.happiness, blissfulness
collībertus –ī m. or f.a fellow freedman
valē/valēteto greetings! farewell!
sūcōsus –a –um juicy; rich
īnferus –a –umlow, vile; subst. inhabitant of the underworld
recumbō –ere –cubuīto lie down again; sink down
octingentī –ae –a; octingentēsimus –a –um800, 800th
nihilum/nīlum nihilī/nīlī n.nothing
crēscō crēscere crēvī crētusto grow, increase
collum collī n.neck
līgnum lignī n.firewood
portō portāre portāvī portātusto carry a load
quōmodō or separately quō modōhow
incubō –ōnis m.a spirit who watches over buried treasure
pilleus –ī m. or pilleum –ī n.a felt cap or hat
invideō invidēre invīdī invīsusto envy (+ dat.)
dēdō dēdere dēdidī dēditusto give up, surrender
subalapa –ae m.a rather boastful person
cēnāculum –ī n. upper room
prōscrībō –scrībere –scrīpsī –scrīptumto publish, proscribe
Diogenēs –is m.Diogenes (name)
Iūlius –a –umof the gens Julia, Julian; of the month of July
locō locāre locāvī locātusto place, put
quidwhat; why
lībertīnus –a –umof or belonging to the condition of a freedman
improperō improperāre to taunt, upbraid
deciēs or deciēns 10 times; a million
vacillō vacillāreto sway to and fro, stagger, reel, totter
culpa culpae f.fault, blame
lībertus lībertī m.freedman
scelerātus –a –umcriminal
socius –a –umallied
olla (aula) –ae f.pot, jar
inclīnō inclīnāre inclīnāvī inclīnātusto influence, bend, tilt
negōtiātiō –ōnis f. a wholesale business, banking business
libitīnārius –ī m.an undertaker
rēx rēgis m.king
aper aprī m.wild boar
gausapātus –a –umcovered with a gausapa (a woolen cloak)
opus operis n.work; need
pistōrius –a –umof or belonging to a baker, baker's
avis avis f.bird
coquus (cocus) –ī m.cook
pistor ōris ma miller, bread-maker, baker
phantasia –ae f.an idea; a phantom, apparition
crēditor –ōris m.a creditor
conturbō conturbāre conturbāvī conturbātusto disturb, confuse
auctiō –ōnis f.public sale, auction; an increase
Proculus –ī m.Proculus
super–vacuus –a –umuseless, needless, unnecessary, superfluous, redundant
dulcis dulcesweet
pūblicō pūblicāre pūblicāvī pūblicātusto make public
reclīnō reclīnāre reclīnāvī reclīnātusto recline; rest
oportet oportēre oportuitto it is proper/right
contentus –a –umcontent, satisfied
thēca –ae f. an envelope, hull, cover, case, sheath
nōtus –a –umwell–known
Ulixēs (Ulyssēs) –is (–eī or –ī) m.Ulysses
philologia –ae f.love of learning or letters, literary pursuits, the study of polite literature
patrōnus patrōnī m.protector, lawyer
os ossis n.bone
quiēscō quiēscere quiēvī quiētusto sleep, keep quiet
prāxis –is (acc. –im) f.proof
totidemjust as many
multus –a –ummuch, many
pecus pecoris n.farm animals, herd
dūrus –a –umhard, harsh
expudorō –āreto be shameless
arietillus –ī m.pusher
mathēmaticus –ī m.a mathematician, astrologer
taurulus –ī m.a little bull
calcitrōsus –a –um kicking, apt to kick
bubulcus –ī m.an ox driver, herdsman
pascor –īto feed, nourish
bīgae –ārum f. plteam of two horses; car or chariot drawn by two horses; car
bōs bovis m.ox
cōleus –ī m. (usually pl.)testicle, scrotum
linō linere lēvī litusto smear
pedis –is m./f.a louse
mare maris n.sea
multa –ae f.penalty
hōcto this place
illō or illōcto that place
genesis –is f. generation, birth, creation; a natal-star, horoscope
cataphagās –ae m.a glutton, gormandizer
imperiōsus –a –umpossessed of command, far-ruling, mighty, powerful, puissant
mulierōsus –a –umaddicted to women
fugitīvus –a –umfleeing away, fugitive
compediō compedīreto fetter, shackle
lanius laniī m.butcher
unguentārius –ī m.a dealer in unguents, perfumer
quīcumque quaecumque quodcumquewhoever
expendō –ere –pendī –pēnsusto weigh out; (fig.)
venēnārius –a –umof or belonging to poison
strabō –ōnis m.a person with a squint
lārdum –ī n.bacon, lard
aerumnōsus –a –umfull of trouble, miserable, wretched, distressed
praebefore (+ abl.), in the face of, in view of
caupō (cōpō or cūpō) caupōnis m.innkeeper
cucurbita –ae f. a gourd, blockhead
obsonator (obsōnātor) –ōris m.a caterer, purveyor
rhētor rhētoristeacher of rhetoric
vertō vertere vertī versusto turn
mola –ae f.mill; (meton.)
semperalways
cor–rotundō rotundāreto make round, to round off
sophōswell done! well said! bravo!
Hipparchus –ī m.Hipparchus (name)
Arātus –ī m.Aratus
comparō comparāre comparāvī comparātusto provide, compare
adveniō advenīre advēnī adventusto arrive
minister ministrī m.attendant, servant
toral ālis na valance, couch-covering, sofa-cloth
praepōnō praepōnere praeposuī praepositusto place before, put in charge of
rēte rētis n.net, trap
subsessor ōris m a waylayer, lier-in-wait
vēnābulum –ī n.hunting–spear
vēnātiō –ōnis f.hunting
necdumnor yet
quōwhere; to what purpose, in order that
suspiciō suspicere suspexī suspectusto take up; recognize; accept
extrāoutside, beyond
Laconicus –a –umof Laconia, Laconian
magnitūdō magnitūdinis f.greatness
pilleātus –a –umwearing a felt cap (pilleus)
sportella –ae f.a little basket, luncheon-basket
dē–pendō pendere pendī pēnsumto pay, to spend, expend, lay out, bestow
palmula –ae f.small palm; an oar–blade
texō –ere –texuī –textusto weave; to build cunningly; form
caryōta –ae or caryōtis –idis f.a kind of nut-shaped date
Thēbaica –ae f.dried date from Egyptian Thebes
porcellus –ī m.a little pig
copto–placenta –ae f.a kind of cake made of pounded materials
ūber ūberis n.udder
immineō imminēreto threaten; overhang
scrōfa –ae f.a breeding-sow
significō significāre significāvī significātusto indicate
apophorētus –a –umpertaining to presents which guests received at table, especially at the Saturnalia
alitilis –is f. (plural also altilia –ium n.)a fattened fowl, a dish of foul
barbātus –a –umhaving a beard, bearded
fascia –ae f.a band, fillet
crūrālis –eof or belonging to the legs, crural
ālicula –ae f.a light upper garment
polymitus –a –umwrought with many treads
vēnātōrius –a –umof a hunter, for the chase
culter –trī m.plowshare; knife
vehementervehemently
percutiō percutere percussī percussumto strike, kill
turdus –ī m.a thrush (bird)
ēvolō ēvolāre ēvolāvī ēvolātusto fly away
auceps cupis m.a bird-catcher, fowler
harundō –inis f.reed, stick
volitō volitāre volitāvī volitātusto fly around
indefrom there, from then
porcus porcī m.pig
silvāticus –a –umof or belonging to a wood or to trees
comedō comedere (comesse) comēdī comēsumto eat up, consume
glāns glandis f.an acorn; a leaden ball or bullet
numerus numerī m.number, amount
sēcessus –ūs m.going apart; retreat
cōgitātiō cōgitātiōnis f.thinking
bacalusia –ae f.a kind of sweetmeat
dūrō dūrāre dūrāvī dūrātusto harden, endure
interpres –etis m./f.an agent between parties; a mediator
indicō indicāre indicāvī indicātusto point out, accuse
aenigma –atis n. a riddle, obscurity
summus –a –umhighest
revertō revertere revertīto turn back
damnō damnāre damnāvī damnātusto condemn
stupor –oris m.numbness, lethargy, paralysis, torpor; by metonymy, an insensate person, clod
speciōsus –a –umhandsome, beautiful
vītis –is f.vine, grapevine
hedera –ae f.ivy
redimiō –imīre –imiī –imītumto encircle (with a garland)
Bromius –ī m.Bromius, a surname of Bacchus
Lyaeus –ī m.Lyaeus
Euhius (Euius) –ī m.Euhius, a surname of Bacchus
calathiscus –ī m.a small basket
ūva –ae f.grape
poēma –atis n.poem
Dionysus –ī m.Dionysus
edō ēsse ēdī ēsusto eat
Līber Līberī m.Bacchus; Dionysus
circumeo (circueō ) –īre –iī/–īvī circuitusto go around
perbāsiō perbāsiāreto kiss heartily
lasanum –ī n.a cooking-pot, a cooking-utensil
nancīscor nancīscī nanctus (nactus) sumto obtain; meet
invītō invītāre invītāvī invītātusto invite
Dama –ae f.Dama (name)
pataracīna –ae f.a large vessel
versō versāre versāvī versātusto keep turning
melior meliusbetter
rēctādirectly
mundus –a –umclean, neat, elegant
calidus (caldus) –a –umwarm, hot
vestiārius –a –umof or belonging to clothes; subst. dealer in clothes
staminata –ae f.a strong drink
mattus (matus) –a –umdrunk, intoxicated
cerebrum –ī n.the brain
Seleucus –ī m.Seleucus (name)
baliscus –ī m.bath
fullō –ōnis m. fuller, wool comber
cor cordis n.heart
liquēscō –ere –licuīto become fluid or liquid; melt
pultārius –ī m.a vessel for various uses
laecasīnbe damned! to hell with…!
fūnus fūneris n.funeral; death; dead body
Chrysanthus –ī m.Chrysanthus (name)
anima animae f.breath, spirit
ēbulliō ēbullīreto boil over
heualas! oh!
īnflō īnflāre īnflāvī īnflātusto blow into; fill
musca –ae f.a fly
virtūs virtūtis f.manliness, courage
abstināx –ācis abstinent
quīnque; quīntus –a –um5; 5th
ōs ōris n.mouth, face
mīca –ae f.crumb
medicus medicī m.doctor, physician
fātum –ī n. or fātus –ī m.destiny, fate
cōnsōlātiō –ōnis f.a consolation, comfort
efferō efferre extulī ēlātusto carry out or away
vītālis –evital, pertaining to life
strāgulum –ī n.a spread, covering, bed-spread
plangō –ere –plānxī –planctusto beat
manūmittō (manū mittō) manūmittere manūmīsī manūmissumto free a slave
malignus –a –ummalignant, wicked, malicious, grudging
plōrōto lament, mourn
mīluīnus (mīlvīnus) –a –umresembling a kite, rapacious
puteus –ī m.a well
antīquus –a –umancient, old
amor amōris m.love
Phileros –ī m.Phileros (name)
vīvus –a –umalive
obeō obīre obiī/obīvī obitumto go to, visit, survey
assis –is m.an as (a copper coin), a unity
quadrans quadrantis m.a coin of little value (1/4 of an as); a unit of measure (1/4 of a pound)
stercus –ōris n.manure
mordicusby biting, with bites, with the teeth
tangō tangere tetigī tāctusto touch
solidus –a –umdense, firm, solid
canīnus –a –umof a dog, canine
bucca –ae f.the cheek
linguōsus –a –umtalkative, loquacious
discordia discordiae f.disagreement, dissention
fortis fortebrave; strong
ūnctus –a –umanointed, oiled
initium initi(ī) n.beginning
parra –ae f. a bird of ill omen, screech-owl
pilō pilāreto make bald; dress down, savage
re–corrigō corrigere corrēxī — to mend or correct again
costa –ae f.rib
vīndēmia –ae f.the grape harvest, grapes
hērēditās hērēditātis f.inheritance
involō –āre –āvī –ātumto fly at, swoop down upon (to steal)
stīpes (stips) –itis m.log or post
patrimōnium patrimōni(ī) n.inheritance
ēlēgō ēlēgāreto bequeath away
auriculārius (ōriculārius) –a –umof or related to the ears, eaves-dropping
pessumdown, to the ground, to the bottom
rectē (rectius rectissimē)rightly
negōtior negōtiārī negōtiātus sumto be in business
fruniscor (frūnīscor) frūnīscī frūnītus sumto enjoy
quamdiū or quam diūas long as
plumbum plumbī n.lead
quadrātum –ī n. a square
quothow many , as many as (indeclinable)
ferō ferre tulī lātusto bear, carry, report
septuāgintā; septuāgēsimus –a –um70; 70th
corneolus –a –umhorny, of horn
corvus –ī m.raven
oliorum"for years" or "long ago" (apparent genitive of olim)
salax –ācisoversexed; lascivious
pullārius –a –umrelating to chickens; (masc. as subs.) keeper of sacred chickens; pederast
tulō tulere tetulī to bring, bear, lift up
Ganymēdēs –is m.Ganymede
narrō –āre –āvī –ātumto tell, report, recount
annōna –ae f.crop (grain), price
mordeō mordēre momordī morsusto bite
siccitās –ātis f.dryness, drought
per–sevērō –āreto persist, persevere
ēsurītiō ēsurītiōnis f.hungering, hunger
aedīlis –is m.a commissioner of buildings, aedile, magistrate for public works.
ēveniō ēvenīre ēvēnī ēventusto come out
collūdō –lūdere –lūsī –lūsumto play (with); collude with
maxilla –ae f. the jawbone, jaw
Sāturnālia –ium n. pl.the festival of Saturn, beginning Dec. 17, a period of merriment and license
similis similesimilar
Sicilia –ae f.Sicily
interior –iusnearer, deeper
percolopō percolopāreto box the ears of one, to beat
Iuppiter Iovis m.Jupiter
Safinius –iī m.Safinius (name)
arcus arcūs m.bow, arch
quācumqueby whatever way, wherever
adūrō –ūrere –ussī –ustumto set on fire, burn off
rēctus –a –umstraight, direct
audāciter or audācterboldly, confidently, rashly
micō micāre micuīto move quickly to and fro, vibrate
cūria cūriae f.place of assembly, Roman senate; court
tractō tractāre tractāvī tractātusto haul
schēma –atis n. or –ae f. a shape, figure, form, fashion, manner, posture, attitude
dīrectus –a –um (dērectus)straight
porrōforward, of space, time, or of mental operations, far off
tuba –ae f.trumpet
exspuō –uere –uī –ūtumto spit out
benīgnus –a –umkind
resalūtō –āreto greet in return
lūtum lutī n.mud
dēvorō dēvorāre dēvorāvī dēvorātusto swallow, devour
būbulus –a –umof or pertaining to cattle or oxen
colōnia colōniae f.farm, estate
retroversus or retrōversus or retrōversumturned back or backwards
cauda –ae f.the tail, coda
caunea (caunia) –ae f.a fig
mālō mālle māluīto prefer
gaudeō gaudēre gāvīsus sumto be glad
undefrom where, whence
vulpēs –is f.fox
attineō attinēre attinuī attentusto hold near, keep; be connected with; (impersonal) it concerns
pannus –ī m.a piece of cloth
casula –ae f. a cottage, hut
misereor –ērī miseritus sumto pity
caelum caelī n.sky, heaven
ieiūnium –iī n.a fast, hunger
pilus –ī m.a hair; something of no value or significance
com–putō –āreto sum up, reckon, compute
anteābefore, formerly
stolātus –a –umdressed in or wearing a stola; befitting a matron
clīvus –ī m.a slope
passus –a –umspread out
exōrō exōrāre exōrāvī exōrātusto pray effectually; entreat, prevail upon
urceātim(to rain) buckets
plovō plovereto rain
ūdus –a –umwet, damp
mūs mūris m.mouse
lānātus –a –um bearing wool, woolly
ager agrī m.field
The third day had come. I mean, a free1 dinner was promised. But we were bruised and sore from a lot of wounds. Escape was better even than rest. We were making some melancholy plans for avoiding the coming storm, when one of Agamemnon’s servants came up as we stood hesitating, and said, “I say, do you not know at whose house it is to-day? Trimalchio, a very rich man—he has a clock and a uniformed trumpeter in his dining-room, to keep telling him how much of his life is lost and gone.” We forgot all troubles and hurried into our clothes, and told Giton, who till now had been waiting on us very willingly, to follow us to the baths.
We proceeded to take a stroll meanwhile in evening dress … , or rather to joke and mix with the groups of people, when all at once we saw a bald old man in a reddish shirt playing at ball with some long-haired boys. It was not the boys that attracted our notice, though they deserved it, but the old gentleman, who was in his house-shoes, busily engaged with a green ball. He never picked it up if it touched the ground. A slave stood by with a bagful and supplied them to the players. We also observed a new feature in the game. Two eunuchs were standing at different points in the group. One held a silver jordan, one counted the balls, not as they flew from hand to hand in the rigour of the game, but when they dropped to the ground. We were amazed at such a display, and then Menelaus1 ran up and said, “This is the man at whose table you rest your elbow: indeed what you see is the overture to his dinner.” Menelaus had just finished when Trimalchio cracked his fingers. One eunuch came up at this signal and held the jordan for him as he played. He relieved his bladder and called for a basin to wash his hands and wiped them on a boy’s head….I cannot linger over details. We went into the bath. We stayed till we ran with sweat, and then at once passed through into the cold water. Trimalchio was now anointed all over and rubbed down, not with towels, but with blankets of the softest wool. Three masseurs sat there drinking Falernian wine under his eyes. They quarrelled and spilt a quantity. Trimalchio said that this was his health being drunk. Then he was rolled up in a scarlet woollen coat and
put in a litter. Four runners decked with medals went before him, and a hand-cart on which his favourite rode. This was a wrinkled blear-eyed boy uglier than his master Trimalchio. As he was being driven off, a musician with a tiny pair of pipes came up near his head, and played the whole way as though he were whispering secrets in his ear.
We followed, lost in wonder, and came with Agamemnon to the door. A notice was fastened on the doorpost: “no slave to go out of doors except by the master’s orders. penalty, one hundred stripes.” Just at the entrance stood a porter in green clothes, with a cherry-coloured belt, shelling peas in a silver dish. A golden cage hung in the doorway, and a black and white magpie in it greeted visitors. I was gazing at all this, when I nearly fell backwards and broke my leg. For on the left hand as you went in, not far from the porter’s office, a great dog on a chain was painted on the wall, and over him was written in block capitals “beware of the dog.”1 My friends laughed at me, but I plucked up courage and went on to examine the whole wall. It had a picture of a slave-market on it, with the persons’ names. Trimalchio was there with long hair, holding a Mercury’s staff.2 Minerva had him by the hand and was leading him into Rome. Then the painstaking artist had given a faithful picture of his whole career with explanations: how he had learned to keep accounts, and how at last he had been made steward. At the point where the wall-space gave out, Mercury had taken him by the chin, and was whirling him up to his high official throne. Fortune stood by flowing with her horn of plenty, and the three Fates spinning their golden threads. I also observed a company of runners practising in the gallery under a trainer, and in a corner I saw a large cupboard containing a tiny shrine, wherein were silver house-gods, and a marble image of Venus, and a large golden box, where they told me Trimalchio’s first beard was laid up….
I proceeded to ask the house-manager what pictures they had in the hall. “The Iliad and the Odyssey,” he said, “and the gladiator’s show given by Laenas.” I could not take the whole multiplicacity in at once….
We now went through to the dining-room. At the entrance the steward sat receiving accounts. I was particularly astonished to see rods and axes fixed on the door posts of the dining-room, and one part of them finished off with a kind of ship’s brazen beak, inscribed:
“presented by cinnamus the steward to gaius pompeius trimalchio, priest of the college of augustus.”1 Under this inscription a double lamp hung
from the ceiling, and two calendars were fixed on either doorpost, one having this entry, if I remember right: “Our master C. goes out to supper on December 30th and 31st,” the other being painted with the moon in her course, and the likenesses of seven stars.1Lucky and unlucky days were marked too with distinctive knobs.
Fed full of these delights, we tried to get in[to the dining-room], when one of the slaves, who was entrusted with this duty, cried, “Right foot first!”2 For a moment we were naturally nervous, for fear any of us had broken the rule in crossing the threshold. But just as we were all taking a step with the right foot together, a slave stripped for flogging fell at our feet, and proceeded to implore us to save him from punishment. It was no great sin which had put him in such peril; the steward’s clothes had been stolen from him in the bath, and the whole lot were scarcely worth ten sesterces. So we drew back our right feet, and begged the steward, who sat counting gold pieces in the hall, to let the slave off. He looked up haughtily, and said, “It is not the loss I mind so much as the villain’s carelessness. He lost my dinner dress, which one of my clients gave me on my birthday. It was Tyrian dye, of course, but it had been washed once already. Well, well, I make you a present of the fellow.”
We were obliged by his august kindness, and when
We proceeded to take a stroll meanwhile in evening dress … , or rather to joke and mix with the groups of people, when all at once we saw a bald old man in a reddish shirt playing at ball with some long-haired boys. It was not the boys that attracted our notice, though they deserved it, but the old gentleman, who was in his house-shoes, busily engaged with a green ball. He never picked it up if it touched the ground. A slave stood by with a bagful and supplied them to the players. We also observed a new feature in the game. Two eunuchs were standing at different points in the group. One held a silver jordan, one counted the balls, not as they flew from hand to hand in the rigour of the game, but when they dropped to the ground. We were amazed at such a display, and then Menelaus1 ran up and said, “This is the man at whose table you rest your elbow: indeed what you see is the overture to his dinner.” Menelaus had just finished when Trimalchio cracked his fingers. One eunuch came up at this signal and held the jordan for him as he played. He relieved his bladder and called for a basin to wash his hands and wiped them on a boy’s head….I cannot linger over details. We went into the bath. We stayed till we ran with sweat, and then at once passed through into the cold water. Trimalchio was now anointed all over and rubbed down, not with towels, but with blankets of the softest wool. Three masseurs sat there drinking Falernian wine under his eyes. They quarrelled and spilt a quantity. Trimalchio said that this was his health being drunk. Then he was rolled up in a scarlet woollen coat and
put in a litter. Four runners decked with medals went before him, and a hand-cart on which his favourite rode. This was a wrinkled blear-eyed boy uglier than his master Trimalchio. As he was being driven off, a musician with a tiny pair of pipes came up near his head, and played the whole way as though he were whispering secrets in his ear.
We followed, lost in wonder, and came with Agamemnon to the door. A notice was fastened on the doorpost: “no slave to go out of doors except by the master’s orders. penalty, one hundred stripes.” Just at the entrance stood a porter in green clothes, with a cherry-coloured belt, shelling peas in a silver dish. A golden cage hung in the doorway, and a black and white magpie in it greeted visitors. I was gazing at all this, when I nearly fell backwards and broke my leg. For on the left hand as you went in, not far from the porter’s office, a great dog on a chain was painted on the wall, and over him was written in block capitals “beware of the dog.”1 My friends laughed at me, but I plucked up courage and went on to examine the whole wall. It had a picture of a slave-market on it, with the persons’ names. Trimalchio was there with long hair, holding a Mercury’s staff.2 Minerva had him by the hand and was leading him into Rome. Then the painstaking artist had given a faithful picture of his whole career with explanations: how he had learned to keep accounts, and how at last he had been made steward. At the point where the wall-space gave out, Mercury had taken him by the chin, and was whirling him up to his high official throne. Fortune stood by flowing with her horn of plenty, and the three Fates spinning their golden threads. I also observed a company of runners practising in the gallery under a trainer, and in a corner I saw a large cupboard containing a tiny shrine, wherein were silver house-gods, and a marble image of Venus, and a large golden box, where they told me Trimalchio’s first beard was laid up….
I proceeded to ask the house-manager what pictures they had in the hall. “The Iliad and the Odyssey,” he said, “and the gladiator’s show given by Laenas.” I could not take the whole multiplicacity in at once….
We now went through to the dining-room. At the entrance the steward sat receiving accounts. I was particularly astonished to see rods and axes fixed on the door posts of the dining-room, and one part of them finished off with a kind of ship’s brazen beak, inscribed:
“presented by cinnamus the steward to gaius pompeius trimalchio, priest of the college of augustus.”1 Under this inscription a double lamp hung
from the ceiling, and two calendars were fixed on either doorpost, one having this entry, if I remember right: “Our master C. goes out to supper on December 30th and 31st,” the other being painted with the moon in her course, and the likenesses of seven stars.1Lucky and unlucky days were marked too with distinctive knobs.
Fed full of these delights, we tried to get in[to the dining-room], when one of the slaves, who was entrusted with this duty, cried, “Right foot first!”2 For a moment we were naturally nervous, for fear any of us had broken the rule in crossing the threshold. But just as we were all taking a step with the right foot together, a slave stripped for flogging fell at our feet, and proceeded to implore us to save him from punishment. It was no great sin which had put him in such peril; the steward’s clothes had been stolen from him in the bath, and the whole lot were scarcely worth ten sesterces. So we drew back our right feet, and begged the steward, who sat counting gold pieces in the hall, to let the slave off. He looked up haughtily, and said, “It is not the loss I mind so much as the villain’s carelessness. He lost my dinner dress, which one of my clients gave me on my birthday. It was Tyrian dye, of course, but it had been washed once already. Well, well, I make you a present of the fellow.”
We were obliged by his august kindness, and when